A Novel Discussion on Urban Planning Practice: Citizen Participation

A Novel Discussion on Urban Planning Practice: Citizen Participation

In the age of modern democracy, citizen participation process, including all types, is assumed as a major feature of policy, decision-making and urban planning fields. Commonly, the process of participation is considered as fundamental to the involvement of citizens in decision-making process in contemporary planning milieu. Since the late 1950s, the role of participation in urban planning practices has become larger and expanding; and after the communicative turn in urban planning theory it is now one of the influential topics of planning agenda. Because participatory processes have become popular and widely used in planning practices from local to national levels; achieving a comprehensible understanding of the theory, objectives, history, of citizen participation process in planning have become vigorous for planners of today. Located within the context described above, the basic concern of this paper is to expand our awareness about the changing meaning, role and positions, of citizen participation in urban planning.

___

  • Alfasi, N. (2003). Is Public Participation Making Urban Planning More Democratic? The Israeli Experience, Planning Theory and Practice, Vol. 4, Issue. 2, pp.185-202. Doi: 10.1080/14649350307979
  • Augur, T.B. (1945). Citizen Participation in City Planning, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 242, pp. 101-103
  • Arnstein, S.R. (1969). The Ladder of Participation, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, Vol. 35, Issue.4, pp.216-224. Doi: 10.1080/01944366908977225
  • Beaudoux, E. Crombrugghe, G. Douxchamps, F, Geuneau, M and Nieuwkerk. M., (1992). Supporting Development Action from Identification to Evaluation, London: Macmillan Press.
  • Burby, J.L. (2003). Making plans that matter: Citizen Involvement and government action. Journal of the American Planning Association, 10.1177/0739456X03022004007 69, pp. 33–49.Doi:
  • Burke, E. M. (1968). Citizen Participation Strategies. Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 34, Issue. 5, pp. 287 - 294.
  • Brabham, D.C. (2009). Crowdsourcing the Public Participation Process for Planning Projects, Planning Theory, Vo.8. Issue. 3. pp. 242–262. Doi: 10.1177/1473095209104824
  • Brody, S. D. (2003). Measuring the Effects of Stakeholder Participation on the Quality of Local Plans Based on the Principles of Collaborative Ecosystem Management, Journal of Planning Education and Research, Vol. 22, Issue. 4, pp. 407–19. Doi: 10.1177/0739456X03022004007
  • Brody, S. D., Godschalk, D.R. and Burby, R. J. (2003). Mandating Citizen Participation in Plan Making: Six Strategic Planning Choices, Journal of American Planning Association, Vol.69, Issue.3, pp. 245-269. Doi: 10.1080/01944360308978018
  • Cohen, J and Uphoff, N. (1980). Participation’s place in rural development: seeking clarity through speciŞcity, World Development, Vol. 8, pp.13– 235. Doi: 10.1016/0305- 750X(80)90011-X
  • Cornwall, A. (2008). Unpacking ‘Participation’: models, meanings and practices, Community Development Journal, Vol. 43 No. 3.pp. 269–28. Doi: 10.1093/cdj/bsn010
  • Craig, G. (1998). Community Development in a Global Context, Community Development Journal, Vol. 33, Issue. 1, pp. 2-17. Doi: 10.1093/cdj/33.1.2
  • Davidoff, P. (1965). Advocacy and pluralism in planning, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, Vol. 31, pp. 331-338
  • Deshler, D. and Sock, D. (1985). Community development participation: a concept review of the international literature, International League for Social Commitment in Adult Education, Sweden, 22-26 July.
  • Day, D. (1997). Citizen participation in the planning process: An essentially contested concept? Journal of Planning Literature, Vol. 11, Issue.3, pp. 421-434.
  • Fainstein. S. (2005). Planning Theory and the City, Journal of Planning Education and Research, vol. 25: pp.121-130.Doi: 10.1177/0739456X05279275
  • Faludi, A. (1973). A Reader in Planning History. Pergamon Press: Oxford
  • Forester, J. (1999). The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging participatory planning process, MIT Press.
  • Forester, J. (2006). Making Participation Work When Interests Conflict: Moving from Facilitating Dialogue and Moderating Debate to Mediating Negotiations, Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 72, Issue. 4, pp. 447-456. Doi: 10.1080/01944360608976765
  • Friedmann, J. (1973). Retracking America: a theory of transactive planning, Doubleday Anchor, New York
  • Friedmann, J. (1987). Planning in the public domain: from knowledge to action, Princeton University Press, Princeton
  • Glass, J. J. (1979). Citizen Participation in Planning: The Relationship between Objectives and Techniques, Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 45, Issue. 2, pp. 180- 189. Doi: 10.1080/01944367908976956
  • Habermas. J. (1987). The theory of communicative action II. Life- world and the system, Beacon Press, Boston.
  • Hall, P. (1983). The Anglo-American connection: rival rationalities in planning theory and practice, 1955-1980, Environment and Planning B Planning and Design, Vol. 10, Issue.1, pp. 41- 46. Doi: 10.1068/b100041
  • Hall, P. (1992). Urban and regional planning, Routledge, London.