Okşan TANDOĞAN

Kent Merkezindeki Konut Alanlarında Ebeveynlerin Suç Korkusu: Küçük Ayasofya Örneği

Kentsel mekânlarda büyümek çocuk için birçok zorluğu beraberinde getirmektedir. Hızlı kentleşmenin getirdiği sonuçlar kentsel mekâna olumsuz olarak yansımakta, çocuk fiziksel çevrenin kendine sunduğu olanaklardan mahrum kalmakta, sosyal, kültürel, zihinsel gelişimleri olumsuz yönde etkilenmektedir. Kent merkezindeki konut alanlarında yaşayan çocuklar bu durumdan daha olumsuz olarak da etkilenmektedir. Fonksiyonel ve sosyal olarak bir değişim içinde olan ve heterojen bir yapıya dönüşen bu alanlarda yaşayan çocuklar, ebeveynlerin trafikten kaynaklanan endişeleri yanında suç korkusu nedeniyle bağımsız hareket hakkına sahip değildir. Kentlerde yaşanan suç korkusu, kentlilerin günlük yaşamını önemli ölçüde etkilemekte, park, meydan gibi bazı kentsel mekânların kullanılmamasına, ev-iş arası seyahatlerde tercih edilen güzergâhın ya da ticaret amacıyla seçilen cadde ve sokakların değişmesine ve ticari girişimcilerin bu nedenle zarar görmesine dayalı birçok doğrudan ve dolaylı olumsuz gelişmelere neden olan bir olgudur. Çocuğun bağımsız hareket edebilirliği ise çocuğun içinde yaşadığı mahallesi ya da kentinde yetişkin gözetimi olmaksızın dolaşabilme, hareket edebilme özgürlüğü olarak tanımlanabilir. Çocuğun bağımsız hareket edebilmesi çocuğun gelişiminde pozitif bir etkiye sahiptir ve çocuğun kişisel gelişimi için temel zorunluluk olarak ifade edilir. Bu çalışma ile kent merkezindeki yer alan konut alanlarında ebeveynlerin suç korkusu ile çocuğun bağımsız hareket edebilirliği arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmanın yöntemi alan çalışmasıyla tarama araştırmasından oluşmaktadır. Çalışma alanı kentleşmenin getirdiği sorunları belirgin bir şekilde yaşayan ve şu an konut alanlarının fonksiyonel ve sosyal bir değişim içinde olduğu tarihi bir kent merkezi olan ve Tarihi Yarımada’da bulunan Küçük Ayasofya Mahallesi’dir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kentleşme, Kent Merkezi, Bağımsız Hareketlilik, Suç Korkusu, Ebeveyn Suç Korkusu

Parental fear of crime in Housing Areas in the City Center: Example of Küçük Ayasofya

Growing up in urban spaces brings many challenges for the child. As the consequences of rapid urbanization are reflected negatively in the urban space, the child is deprived of the possibilities offered to him by the physical environment and his social, cultural and mental development are affected negatively. Children who live in housing areas of the city center are also affected more negatively. Children living in these areas that are functionally and socially transformed into a heterogeneous structure do not have the freedom to act independently because of parents' fear of traffic as well as fear of crime. This fear of crime is a fact which has a considerable impact of the daily lives of urban dwellers directly or indirectly by preventing urban open spaces such as public parks, squares, plazas, streets being used; causing routes preferred to travel between working places and dwelling places to change; and causing roads and streets chosen for commerce to be altered. Independent mobility of the child can be defined as the freedom to move around and move in the neighborhood or city where the child lives without adult supervision. The ability of the child to act independently has a positive influence on the development of the child and is expressed as the essential requirement for the child's personal development. In this study, it is aimed to determine the relationship between the parents' fear of crime and the independence of the child in the housing areas of the city center. The method of the study consists of a field study and survey research. The study area is Küçük Ayasofya Neighborhood, which is a historic city center that has undergone rapid urbanization and where the residential areas have been currently undergoing a functional and social change.

Keywords:

Urbanization, Independent Mobility, Fear Of Crime, City Center, Parental Fear,

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