İbrahim TAPKI, Yusuf Ziya GÜZEY, Nuran TAPKI, Muhammet Hanifi SELVİ

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Türkiye’de Yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca İneklerin Doğrusal Tip Özellikleri, Birinci Laktasyon Karlılığı ve Verim Özellikleri Arasındaki Genotopik Korelasyonlar

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ıslah programlarında kullanılmak üzere doğrusal tip özellikleri, verim özellikleri ve birinci laktasyon karlılığı arasındaki genetik korelasyonların tespitini yapmaktır. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma 2012-2017 yılları arasında Hatay ilinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada toplam 810 baş birinci laktasyonda olan inek kullanılmıştır. Genetik parametrelerinin varyans ve kovaryanslarının analizi ise Multivariate Limited Maximum Likelihood testi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Ortalama inek başına birinci laktasyon net kar, 305-gün süt verimi, ilk buzağılama yaşı, ilk tohumlamada gebe kalma oranı ve kolay doğum oranı 540 US$, 6008 kg, 793 gün, %61.6 ve %91.7 olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğrusal tip özellikleri ile verim özelliklerinin kalıtım dereceleri sırasıyla; 0.10-0.42 ve 0.04-0.39 arasında tahmin edilmiştir. Birinci laktasyon karlılığı ile doğrusal tip özellikleri arasındaki genetik korelasyonlar -0.08 ve 0.42 arasında, birinci laktasyon karlılığı ile verim özellikleri arasındaki korelasyonlar 0.06 ve 0.34. arasında tahmin edilmiştir. Birinci laktasyon karlılığı ile en yüksek korelasyonu meme merkez bağı (0.42) gösterirken, en düşük korelasyonu meme derinliği (-0.08) göstermiştir. Yine birinci laktasyon karlılığı ile en yüksek korelasyonu süt proteini verimi (0.34) gösterirken, en düşük korelasyonu ilk tohumlamada gebe kalma oranı (0.09) göstermiştir. Doğrusal tip özellikleri ile verim özellikleri arasındaki genetik korelasyonlar -0.42 (Ayak açısı ve ilk tohumlamada gebe kalma oranı) ile 0.49 (Sütçü tip özelliği ve 305-gün süt verimi) arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçları, birinci laktasyondaki daha fazla sütçü tipe sahip, ön meme bağlantısı güçlü, güçlü ayak ve bacak yapısına sahip ineklerin, birinci laktasyonda daha karlı olduklarını ve süt sığırı ıslah programlarında doğrusal tip özellikleri ile verim özellikleri arasındaki bu genetik korelasyonlardan yararlanılarak, daha isabetli seleksiyon yapılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Genotypic Correlations among First Lactation Profitability, Linear Type Traits and Production Characteristics of Holstein Friesian Cows in Turkey

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine genetic correlations between lineartype traits, yield characteristics and first lactation profitability for use in selectionprograms.Material and Methods: The research was carried out in Hatay province between 2012-2017. A total of 810 cows in the first lactation were used in the study. Analysis ofvariance and covariances of genetic parameters was carried out with MultivariateLimited Maximum Likelihood test.Results: The average first lactation net profit, 305-d milk yield, first calving age,conception rate at first service, and calving ease rate were determined as 540 US$, 6008kg, 793 d, 61.6%, and 91.7%, respectively. Heritabilities of linear type and productiontraits ranged from 0.10 to 0.42 and 0.04 to 0.39, respectively. The genetic correlationsbetween first lactation profitability and type traits ranged from -0.08 and 0.42, whilebetween first lactation profitability and production traits ranged from 0.06 and 0.34. Thehighest genetic correlation was between first lactation profitability and central ligament(0.42), while the lowest genetic correlation was between first lactation profitability andudder depth (-0.08). The highest genetic correlation was between first lactationprofitability and lactation protein yield (0.34), while the lowest genetic correlation wasbetween first lactation profitability and conception rate at first service (0.09). Geneticcorrelations between type and production traits varied from -0.42 (FA and CFS) to 0.49(DC and 305-d MY).Conclusion: These results showed that primiparous cows having more angular, strongfore udder attachments, strong foot and legs structure were more profitable andopportunities of selection programs by using genetic correlations between linear typetraits and production characteristics. It also concluded that the first lactationprofitability could be used successfully in Turkish dairy cattle breeding programs.
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Hayvansal Üretim-Cover
  • ISSN: 1301-9597
  • Başlangıç: 1974
  • Yayıncı: EGE ZOOTEKNİ DERNEĞİ
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