Emine Ceren KALAFATOĞLU EYİGÜLER, Zerefşan KAYMAZ

Açık Hava Koşulları Altında Güneş Tutulması Etkileri: 11 Ağustos 1999, Türkiye İncelemesi

Türkiye, 11 Ağustos 1999 tam güneş tutulmasının takibi için en uygun gözlem sahalarından biriydi. Tam güneş tutulması Karadeniz kıyısında bulunan Bartın’dan (41.63oN, 32.33oE) Güneydoğu Türkiye’deki Diyarbakır (37.55oN, 40.14oE) şehrine kadar çapraz bir hat boyunca gözlemlendi. Tam tutulma hattı boyunca açık hava koşullarının hakim olduğu istasyonlar, güneş tutulması etkilerinin açık bir şekilde izlenmesine imkan sağladı. Güneş tutulmalarının soğutma etkisi hava sıcaklığı ve nem kayıtlarından anlaşılabilir. Güneş tutulmalarının bölgesel antisiklonik (saat yönünde) rüzgar akışına sebebiyet verdiği öne sürülmüştür ve güneş tutulmaları esnasında rüzgar hızının azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 11 Ağustos 1999 tam güneş tutulmasının tam tutulma hattında bulunan istasyonların ölçümleri kullanılarak güneş tutulmasının yer seviyesindeki rüzgar ve hava sıcaklığı üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda hava sıcaklığı ve rüzgar hızının sırasıyla 4ºC ve 6 m/s düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. İstasyonun deniz seviyesinden yüksekliği arttıkça hava sıcaklığı ve rüzgar hızındaki düşüş miktarının arttığı görülmüştür. Tam tutulma hattındaki seçilmiş oniki istasyondan ikisinde rüzgar hızının antisiklonik dönüş gösterdiği bulunmuştur.

Solar Eclipse Effects on Clear Days: Case of 11 August 1999, Turkey

Turkey was one of the perfect sites to watch the total solar eclipse on August 11, 1999. The total eclipse was observed across a diagonal path extending from Bartın (41.63oN, 32.33oE) on the Black Sea coast to Diyarbakır (37.55oN, 40.14oE) in southeastern Turkey. The weather was cloudless. Therefore, the eclipse effects were expected to be clearly observable. The cooling effect of total eclipses is observable in air temperature and humidity records. It was suggested that the total eclipse can produce a local cyclonic (counterclockwise) rotation of the surface winds within the totality region and the strength of the wind decreases. In this study, we investigate some of these eclipse related effects using air temperature and wind measured at the meteorological stations located along the totality path of the August 11, 1999 eclipse. Analysis results show a maximum air temperature drop of 4oC and wind speed decrease of 6 m/s at the maximum time of the eclipse. It was seen that both air temperature and wind speed reductions increase with the increasing sea level height. In two of the twelve selected stations, an anti-cyclonic rotation of the wind direction within the umbral region was detected.

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