GENETIC ANALYSES FOR SOME CHARACTERISTICS IN DURUM WHEAT (Triticum durum Desf.)

This study aimed to assess and use of some genetics factors such as additive, dominance and non allelic interactions affecting generation means and variances for some quantitative characteristics of basic generations [P1, P2, F1 (2 family), F2 (4 family), B1 (4 family) and B2 (4 family)] derived from the cross between Ozberk and Firat-93 cultivars of Triticum durum. Except canopy temperature and SDS sedimentation value, simple additive dominance model (m, [d], [h]) was not found to be adequate to describe generation means indicating the presence of non allelic interactions. Parameters for means of generations obtained from biometrical equations were found to be overlapping partially those of computer software (MEAN FIT). H (dominance) and E (environmental) variations turned out to be significant frequency. Variance components obtained from biometrical equations and computer software (VAR FIT) overlapped. Utilizing from variance components of best fit, h2 n for number of grain spike-1 was only estimated as 18.26 %. The h2 b values were found to be less than 50 % for both estimation methods (formulas and computer software). It was concluded that the similarity of parents for the characteristics under study, limited number of sampling, the presence of micro environmental variations resulted in absence of genuine genetic variations or the presence of some undetected genetic parameters depending on inadequacy of basic generations. Taking into account the presence of epistasis nearly for all characteristics, delay selection is recommended.

GENETIC ANALYSES FOR SOME CHARACTERISTICS IN DURUM WHEAT (Triticum durum Desf.)

This study aimed to assess and use of some genetics factors such as additive, dominance and non allelic interactions affecting generation means and variances for some quantitative characteristics of basic generations [P1, P2, F1 (2 family), F2 (4 family), B1 (4 family) and B2 (4 family)] derived from the cross between Ozberk and Firat-93 cultivars of Triticum durum. Except canopy temperature and SDS sedimentation value, simple additive dominance model (m, [d], [h]) was not found to be adequate to describe generation means indicating the presence of non allelic interactions. Parameters for means of generations obtained from biometrical equations were found to be overlapping partially those of computer software (MEAN FIT). H (dominance) and E (environmental) variations turned out to be significant frequency. Variance components obtained from biometrical equations and computer software (VAR FIT) overlapped. Utilizing from variance components of best fit, h2 n for number of grain spike-1 was only estimated as 18.26 %. The h2 b values were found to be less than 50 % for both estimation methods (formulas and computer software). It was concluded that the similarity of parents for the characteristics under study, limited number of sampling, the presence of micro environmental variations resulted in absence of genuine genetic variations or the presence of some undetected genetic parameters depending on inadequacy of basic generations. Taking into account the presence of epistasis nearly for all characteristics, delay selection is recommended

___

  • ALI, Y., ATTA, B.M., AKHTER, J., MONNEVEUX, P., LATEEF, Z., 2008. Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 40(5):20872097.
  • AMAYA, A.A., BUSCH, R.H. and LEBSOCK, K.L., 1972. Genetic effects in durum wheat. Crop Science 12:479-481.
  • ANONYMOUS, 1983. Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists (Eight edition). American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc.
  • ANONYMOUS, 1991. Genetics simulations for small size populations. GENSIM statistical package. Univ. of Birmingham. UK.
  • ANONYMOUS, 2001. The basic of color preception and measurement. HunterLab Presents, Reston VA, p:56, USA.
  • ANONYMOUS, 2002. JMP® Design of Experiments, Version 5, Copyright by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. ISBN 1-59047-0702.
  • ANONYMOUS, 2009a. TÜİK. www.tuik.gov.tr
  • ANONYMOUS, 2009b. Şanlıurfa Meteoroloji Bölge Müdürlüğü, Şanlıurfa.
  • AUTRAN, J.C. and GALTERIO, G., 1989. Associations between electrophoretic composition of proteins, quality characteristics and agronomic attributes of durum wheats. II. Protein-quality associations. Journal of Cereal Science 9: 195–215.
  • AYENEH, A., VAN GINKEL M., REYNOLDS, M.P. and AMMAR, K., 2002. Comparison of leaf, spike, peduncle and canopy temprature deppression in wheat under heat stress. Field Crops Research 79: 173-184.
  • BHATIYA, V.J., JADON, B.S. and PITHIA, M.S., 1987. Gene effects for grain yield and it’s components in durum wheat. Madras Agr. Journal 74(4-5): 258-260.
  • BILGIN, O., BASER, I., KORKUT, K.Z., GENCTAN, T., BALKAN, A. and SAGLAM., N., 2009. Variations for grain yield and milling value of durum wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars. Philippine Agr. Sci. 92(1):25-32.
  • CAVALLI, L.L., 1952. In quantitative inheritance (E.C.R. Reave veC.V. Waddington, eds) pp.135144.
  • CHO, N.J., OHM, J.B. and CHUNG, O.K., 2001. Prediction of bread-making properties using itrinsic wheat quality characteristics. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 10: 391-396.
  • CHOWDHRY, M.A., RAFIG, M. and ALAM, K., 1992. Genetic architecture of grain yield and certain other traits in bread wheat. Pakistan J. Agric. Res. 13: 215-220.
  • CLARKE, F.R., CLARKE, J.M., McCAIG, T.N., KNOX, R.E. and DePAUW, R.M., 2006. Inheritance of yellow pigment concentration in seven durum wheat crosses. Canadian Jour. of Plant Sci. 86(1):133-141.
  • COLLAKU, A. and HARRISON, S.A., 2005. Heritability of waterlogging tolerance in wheat. Crop Science 45(2): 722-727.
  • COX, M.C., QUALSET, C.P. and RAINS, D.W., 1985. Genetic variation for nitrogen assimilation vetranslocation in wheat. I. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation. Crop Science 25: 430–435.
  • DAĞÜSTÜ, N., 2008. Combining ability analysis in relation to heterosis for grain yield per spike and agronomic traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TURKISH JOURNAL OF FIELD CROPS 13(2): 49-61.
  • DEXTER, J.E. and MATSUO, R.R., 1980. Relationship between durum wheat protein properties and pasta dough rheology and spaghetti contents quality. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 28: 899–902.
  • DİNÇ, U., 1988. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi Toprakları (GAP) 1. Harran Ovası. TÜBİTAK Güdümlü Araştırma Projesi Kesin Sonuç Raporu, Proje NO: TOAG-534, Adana.
  • HAYMAN, B.I., 1960. Maximum likelihood estimation of genetic components of variation. Biometrics 16: 369-381.
  • JOHNSON, V.A., BIEVER, K.J., HAUNOLD, A. and SCHMIDT, J.W., 1966. Inheritance of plant height, yield og grain, other plant and seed chrasteristics in a cross of hard red winter wheat. Crop Science 6:336-339.
  • KETATA, H., EDWARDS, L.H. and SMITH, E.L., 1976. Inheritance of eight agronomic characters in a winter wheat cross. Crop Science 16:19-22
  • LARIEK, A.S., MAHAR, A.R. and HAFIZ, H.M.I., 1995. Heterosis and combining ability estimates in diallel crosses of six cultivars of spring wheat. Wheat Inform. Serv. 80: 12-19.
  • MATHER, K., 1949. Biometrical Genetics. Methuen Co./ London
  • MATHER, K. AND JINKS, J.L., 1971. Biometrical Genetics. Chapman and Hall Co., London.
  • MATHER, K. and JINKS, J.L., 1982. Biometrical Genetics. Chapman and Hall Co., London.
  • MERRIT, R.G., 1988. Inheritance of culm number in two uniculm x multiculm wheat crosses. Euphytica 38(2): 105-111.
  • NOVOSELOVIC, D., BARIC, M., DREZNER, G., GUNJACA, J. and LALIC, A., 2004. Quantitative inheritance of some wheat plant traits. Genetics and Molecular Biology 27 (1):92-98.
  • ÖZBERK, İ, 1992. Assessment of some quantitative characteristics of genetically modified tobacco plants. M. Phil. Thesis, Reading University, United Kingdom.
  • ÖZBERK, İ. ve KIRTOK, Y., 2003. Makarnalık Buğdayda (Triticum durum L.) Bazı Kantitatif Karakterlerdeki Genetik Varyasyon ve Kalıtımın Araştırılması. Anadolu J.of AARI 13(1): 58-74.
  • PATIL, R.M., OAK, M.D., TAMHANKAR, S.A., SOURDILLE, P. and RAO, V.S., 2008. Mapping and validation of a major QTL for yellow pigment content on 7AL in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum). Mol Breeding 21:485-496.
  • PATIL, R.M., OAK, M.D., TAMHANKAR, S.A. and RAO, V.S., 2009. Moleculer mapping of QTLs for gluten stength as measured by sedimantation volume and mixograph in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum). Journal of Cereal Science 49:378-386.
  • REIMER, S., POZNIAK, C.J., CLARKE, F.R., CLARKE, J.M., SOMERS, D.J., KNOX, R.E. and SINGH, A.K., 2008. Association mapping of yellow pigment in an elite collection of durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines. Genome 51(12):1016-1025.
  • REYNOLDS, M.P., SINGH, R.P., IBRAHIM, A., AGEEB, O.A.A., LARQUE SAAVEDRA, A. and QUICK, J.S., 1998. Evaluating physiological traits to complement empirical selection for wheat in warm environments. Euphytica 100: 85-94.
  • SANTRA, M., SANTRA, D.K., RAO, V.S., TAWARE, S.P. and TAMHANKAR, S.A., 2005. Inheritance of β-carotene concentration in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum). Euphytica 144:215-221.
  • SHARMA, S.N., SAIN, R.S. and SHARMA, R.S., 2003. Genetics of spike length in durum wheat Euphytica 130(2):155-161.
  • SHARMA, S. N. and SAIN, R. S. 2004. Genetics of grains per spike in durum wheat under normal and late planting conditions. Euphytica, 139(1): 1 – 7.
  • SINGH, A., REIMER, S., POZNIAK, C.J., CLARKE, F.R., CLARKE, J.M., KNOX, R.E. and SINGH, A.K., 2009. Allelic variation at Psy1-A1 and association with yellow pigment in durum wheat grain. Theor Appl Genet 118:1539-1548.
  • SUN, P. L. F., SHANDS, H.L. and FORSBERG, R.A., 1972. Inheritance of kernel weight in six spring wheat crosses. Crop Science 12:1-5.
  • WARNER, J.N., 1952. A method for estimating heritability. Agronomy Journal 44:427-430.
  • YAGDI, K., SOZEN, E. and CIFCI, E.A., 2007. Heritability and correlation of yield and quality traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum). Ind. Jour. of Agr. Sci. 77(9)565-568.
  • YAGDI, K. and SOZEN, E., 2009. Heritability, variance components and corelations of yield and quality traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Pak. Jour. of Bot. 41(2):753-759.
  • YALVAÇ, K., ATLI, A., ÇETİN, L., DÜŞÜNCELİ, F., TUNCER, T., OZAN, A.N., ALBUSTAN, S., YAZAR, S., ZENCİRCİ, N., EZER, V. ve BARAN, İ., 1999. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü’nün geliştirdiği ekmeklik ve makarnalık buğdayt eçşitlerinin Orta Anadolu’da verim, kalite ve hastalıklara dayanıklılık durumları. Hububat Simpozyumu, 8-11 Haziran Konya, 95-99.
  • YILDIRIM, A., SAYASLAN, A., KANDEMİR, N., ESERKAYA, T., KOYUNCU, M. ve SÖNMEZOĞLU, Ö.A., 2008. Makarnalık kalitesini etkileyen genlerin Türk makarnalık buğday çeşitlerindeki durumu. Ülkesel Tahıl Sempozyumu, 2-5 Haziran Konya, 381-389.