Serhat DÖKER, İ. İpek BOŞGELMEZ, Gülin GÜVENDİK

Yaşam Bilimleri Arasında Bir Bağlantı Noktası Olarak Metallomik

Metallomik, canlılarda metallerin biyolojik moleküllerle örn.,DNA, proteinler ve metabolitler etkileşimini inceleyen ve hızla gelişen bir araştırma alanıdır. Metallerin biyolojik sistemde geçirdiği tüm metabolik süreçlerin alım, taşınma, depolanma ve atılım gibi moleküler düzeyde anlaşılmasını hedefler. Metaller, biyolojik sistemlerde eser düzeylerde, genellikle kovalent olmayan koordinasyon kompleksleri halinde ve oldukça karmaşık bir biyolojik çevrede bulunur. Bu nedenle metallomik, metallere ilişkin nitel ve nicel bilgi edinilmesi ve metal-bağımlı yaşamsal süreçlerin aydınlatılması amacıyla, ileri analitik ve spektroskopik tekniklerden yararlanır. Metalik türlerin fizyolojik ortamdaki doğal formunu korumak suretiyle metal komplekslerinin analizi için en yaygın yaklaşım, Hibrit Tekniklerin kullanılmasıdır; bu sistemde, bileşenlerin yüksek çözünürlükte ayrımı için kromatografik veya elektroforetik bir teknik ile tayin ve/veya tanımlama için element örn., ICPMS veya moleküle örn., ESI-MS veya MALDI-MS özgül bir spektrometrik teknik birlikte kullanılmaktadır. X-ışınları absorpsiyon ve X-ışınları floresans spektroskopisi teknikleri ile bilgisayar-destekli teknolojileri içeren biyoinformatik yaklaşımlar da metallomik alanındaki araştırmalara katkı sağlayan diğer araçlar arasındadır. Bu çalışmada alanla ilgili temel kavramlar, kullanılan başlıca analitik yaklaşımlar ve ileri aletsel teknikler ele alınmış ve yakın zamanda yapılmış çalışmalardan örnekler seçilerek derlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Metallomik, hibrit teknikler, metalloproteomik, metallometabolomik

Metallomics as a Junction between Life Sciences

Metallomics is a rapidly growing research area investigating the interaction of metals with biological mol- ecules e.g. DNA, proteins and metabolites in living systems. It aims the understanding of all metal de- pendent metabolic processes such as uptake, transport, storage and excretion at molecular level. In order to access the qualitative and quantitative information of metals, which mostly occur at trace amounts and in the form of non-covalent complexes with biological ligands in a highly complex biological matrix, and to elucidate the metal-dependent life processes, metallomics utilizes the state of the art analytical and spectroscopic tech- niques. The mostly used approach for the analysis of metal complexes by preserving native metal species is the hyphenation of a chromatographic or an electrophoretic technique for high resolution separation with an elemental e.g., ICP-MS or molecular e.g., ESI-MS or MALDI-MS spectrometry technique for detection and/ or identification. X-ray absorption and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and in-silico approaches with bioinfor- matics are among other main techniques/methodologies contributing the research activities in metallomics. This study highlights the basic terms, primarily used analytical approaches, state-of-the art instrumental tech- niques and very representative recent applications in the field.

Keywords:

Metallomics, hyphenated techniques, metalloproteomics, metallometabolomics,

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