Hidrodistilasyon ve SFE Kullanarak Elde Edilen Origanum majorana L.’nin Uçucu Yağ Bileşiminin Karşılaştırılması

Origanum majorana L’nin hem hidrodistilasyon hem de süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyonu (SFE) ile elde edilen uçuğu yağ bileşimi GC-MS ve GC-FID ile belirlendi. Biyolojik aktif bileşenlerin ekstraksiyonu çevreye zarar veren çözücülerin aşırı kullanımını ve çok yüksek ücretli teknolojileri gerektirir. Süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyonu şifalı bitkiler ve diğer bitkilerden aktif bileşenlerin ayrılması için yoğunlukla çalışılan katı materyaller için çevreye dost ve etkili bir ekstraksiyon tekniğidir. SFE’den elde edilen uçucu yağın yüksek oranda marjoram yağının tadından ve karakteristik kokusundan sorumlu olan karvakrolü (76.69% GC-MS ve 91.95% GC-FID) içerdiği tespit edildi. SFE ile karşılaştırıldığında hidrodistilasyon ile elde edilen uçucu yağlar da yüksek oranda karvakrol (70.47% GC-MS ve 89.00% GC-FID) içerir. Buradan çıkarılacak sonuç; marjoram bitkisinden elde edilen biyolojik aktif bileşenler SFE ile verimli bir şekilde ekstrakte edilebilir.

Comparison Essential Oil Contents Origanum majorana L. Obtained by Hydrodistillation and SFE

The volatile components of Origanum majorana L. essential oil obtained from both hydrodistillation and supercritical fluidextraction (SFE) were determined by GC–MS and GC-FID. Extraction of these biologically active compounds requires theusage of large amounts of environmentally unfriendly solvents and technologies operating with high costs. Supercritical fluidextraction is an environmentally friendly and efficient extraction technique for solid materials, being extensively studiedfor the separation of active compounds from herbs and other plants. The essential oil obtained by SFE contains mainlycarvacrol (76.69% with GC-MS and 91.95% with GC-FID) which are responsible for the characteristic flavour and fragrance ofmarjoram oil. And also to compare with SFE, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation contains mainly carvacrol (70.47%with GC-MS and 89.00% with GC-FID). It can be concluded that almost all the biologically active compounds from marjoramherb can be efficiently extracted by SFE.

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