Fitoremediasyon (Yeşil Islah) Yöntemi ile Ortamdan Ağır Metal Uzaklaştırılması

Tüm dünyada gelişen teknoloji ve tarımda verimi arttırma adına kullanılan yeni teknikler insan hayatında kolaylıklar sağlarken, yaşamın temel kaynağı olan doğayı da bozmaktadır. Doğanın kirlenmesi yani bozulması ekolojik çevrim içerisinde canlı türü ayırt etmeksizin hepsini olumsuz yönde etkilemekte, özellikle de en büyük yarayı insan almaktadır. Fakat doğadan olumsuz geri dönüşümler çok uzun zaman aldığı için gelecek nesiller adına yapılan yatırımlar kontrolsüzce büyüdükçe, zararları da geri dönüşümsüz olarak büyümektedir. Bu çalışmada doğanın kendisinin yine kendi ürünleri yani hiperakümülatör bitkiler tarafından temizlenmesi veya zararlıların etkisiz hale getirilmesi yöntemi olan fitoremediasyon (bitkisel ıslah sistemleri veya yeşil ıslah) teknikleri ve kullanım alanları anlatılmaktadır. Ekonomik, estetik görüntüyü bozmayan ve doğaya zarar vermeyen bu yöntem zengin floraya sahip, her açıdan gelişmekte olan ülkemiz için ağır metallerce kirlenmiş toprak ve sular ile mücadelede yaygın olarak kulanılabilecek bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemin ülkemizde ve dünyadaki çalışma örnekleri ve uygulanabilirliği hakkında bilgiler bu çalışma ile anlatılmaktadır.

Removal of Heavy Metals from the Environment via Phytoremediation (Green Reclamation) Method

New methods that are being used all over the world in order to advance technology and increase efficiency in agriculture disrupt the nature which is the main source of life while providing conveniences for people. Pollution of nature has negative effects for all living things within the ecological cycles and humans are inflicted with the most significant damage. However, since negative rebounds from the environment take a long time, the harmful effects increase irrevocably with increasing investments for future generations. In this study, phytoremediation (vegetative reclamation systems or green reclamation) methods are explained which are the means of neutralizing the harmful aspects in nature or their cleansing via hyperaccumulator plants. This method that is economical, does not disturb the aesthetic appearance and does not harm the nature is a method that can be widely used to combat soil and waters polluted with heavy metals in our country which is continuing to develop in every aspect. This study provides information about the exemplary studies in our country and in the world as well as the applicability of the method.

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