Avrupa Kamu Düzeninin Bir Parçası Olarak Çoğulcu Demokrasinin Temel Gerekleri

Demokrasi, günümüz modern toplumlarını oluşturan ırksal, dinsel, düşünsel ve kültürel grupların çoğulculuğuna dayanan, bütün bireyleri ve grupları kendi özellikleriyle eşit şekilde kabul ve muamele eden siyasal bir rejimdir. Bu rejimde, bir taraftan, demokratik kurumlar saydam, hesap verebilir, katılıma, tartışmaya ve işbirliğine açık, birey veya grup ihtiyaçlarına zamanında, yerinde ve gereği gibi cevap veren durumdadır. Diğer taraftan, birey veya gruplar, istisnasız ve ayrımsız bir şekilde, insan hak ve özgürlüklerini pratikte kullanabilmektedirler. Bu hak ve özgürlükler, ima yoluyla da olsa uzlaşma, müzakere veya lütuf konusu edilmemektedirler. Bu anlamda demokrasi, çeşitli etkinlik düzeylerinde de olsa, hemen hemen bütün toplumlar için evrensel bir arzu haline gelmiş bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede, gerçek demokrasinin yaşatılmaya çalışıldığı Avrupa kamu düzeninin önemli bir parçasını oluşturan çoğulcu demokrasinin temel gerekleri incelenmektedir. Konu, bilhassa etnik ve dinsel çeşitliliği içinde barındıran Türkiye bakımından da önemli görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çoğulcu demokrasi, demokrasinin geliştirilmesi, çoğulculuk, çeşitlilik, farklılıklar

PREREQISITES FOR PLURALIST DEMOCRACY AS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC ORDER

Democracy, as a political regime, is based on multiplicity of racial, cultural, intellectual or religious groups which form today’s modern society. In this regime, the establishment and overriding purpose of democratic institutions is based on strengthened pluralist individuality in their own manner. On the one hand, all democratic institutions accept and treat all individuals and groups in an equal manner, without any discrimination. National institutions based on responsive, transparent, accountable, participatory and collaborative processes and networks are well designed for enabling institutions and persons to cooperate with each other and live together in peace. On the other hand, without any exception every person has been able to enjoy their rights and freedoms that cannot be seen as a matter of compromise, negotiation or favour by any public authority in any manner. In this sense, democracy has become a universal inspiration to almost all societies today, however, in multiple level of effectiveness. In this article, greater attention has been paid to the prerequisites for pluralist democracy as an essential part of the European public order to ensure real democracy. The issue is of particular importance to Turkey that constitutes ethnic and religious diversity to a great extent.

Keywords:

Pluralist democracy, democracy promotion, pluralism, differences, diversity,

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