___

• Books BISCOP, Sven, European Strategy in the 21st Century: New Future for Old Power, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London, New York, 2019.
• CASIER, Tom and DEBARDELEBEN, Joan, EU-Russia Relations in Crisis : Understanding Diverging Perceptions, Routledge Studies in European Foreign Policy, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, 2018.
• DANIEL, Fiott, The CSDP in 2020 - The EU’s Legacy and Ambition in Security and Defence, European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS), 2020.
• DENI, John R., NATO and Article 5: The Transatlantic Alliance and the Twenty-First-Century Challenges of Collective Defense, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, 2017.
• ECONOMIDES, Spyros and SPERLING, James, EU Security Strategies: Extending the EU System of Security Governance, Routledge Studies in European Security and Strategy. Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, 2018.
• JONES, Seth G., The Rise of European Security Cooperation, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2007.
• GALBREATH, David J., CHAPPELL, Laura and MAWDSLEY, Jocelyn, Contemporary European Security, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, 2019.
• GINSBERG, Roy H. and PENKSA, Susan E., The European Union in Global Security: the Politics of Impact, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
• HERPEN, Marcel H. van, “Putin’s Wars: The Rise of Russia’s New Imperialism, Second edition, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, 2015.
• HYDE-PRICE, Adrian, The Common Security and Defence Policy, The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces, Oxford University Press, 2018.
• KARSTEN, Friis, NATO and Collective Defence in the 21st Century: An Assessment of the Warsaw Summit, Routledge, 2017.
• LARIVÉ, Maxime H.A., Debating European Security and Defense Policy: Understanding the Complexity, Global Interdisciplinary Studies Series, Farnham, Surrey, England; Burlington, Ashgate, 2014.
• LINDSTROM, Gustav and TARDY, Thierry, “The EU and NATO: the Essential Partners”, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris, 2019.
• MEDCALF, Jennifer, NATO: A Beginner’s Guide, Oneworld Publications, Oxford, England, 2005.
• MISSIROLI, Antonio, The EU and the World: Players and Policies Post-Lisbon, EU Institute for Security Studies, Paris, 2016.
• MOORE, Rebecca R. and COLETTA, Damon, NATO’s Return to Europe: Engaging Ukraine Russia, and Beyond, Georgetown University Press, 2017.
• SIMON, Luis, America's Asian "Rebalancing" and the Future of Europe, in BISCOP, Sven & FIOTT, Daniel (eds), The State of Defence in Europe: State of Emergency?, Egmont Paper 62, November 2013.
• TOJE, Asle, The European Union as a Small Power: After the Post-Cold War, Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2010.
• VIOLAKIS, Petros, Europeanisation and the Transformation of EU Security Policy: post-Cold War Developments in the Common Security and Defence Policy, Routledge studies in European security and strategy, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, New York, 2018.
• Articles CLADI, Lorenzo and LOCATELLI, Andrea, “Bandwagoning, not Balancing: Why Europe Confounds Realism”, Contemporary Security Policy, 2012, Vol.33, Issue 2, p.264–288.
• DAALDER, Ivo and GOLDGEIER, Jim, “Global NATO”, Foreign Affairs, Vol.85, Issue 5, 2006, p.105-113.
• DEMETRIOU, Petros, “NATO & CSDP: Can the EU Afford to Go Solo?”, Cogent Social Science, Vol.2, Issue 1, 2016, DOI: 10.1080/23311886.2016.1208376.
• DRENT, Margriet and ZANDEE, Dick, “European Defence: From Strategy to Delivery”, Global Affairs, Vol. 2, Issue 1, p.69-78.
• GÄRTNER, Heinz, European Security: The End of Territorial Defense, The Brown Journal of World Affairs, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Winter/Spring 2003), p.135-147.
• HANBAY, Şeyda, “Involvement of Non-EU European NATO Members in Common Security and Defense Policy: The Turkish Case”, Ankara Üniversitesi Avrupa Toplulukları Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, Araştırma Dizini, 2013, No. 37, p.50.
• HOWORTH, Joylon and MENON, Anand, “Still not Pushing Back: Why the European Union is not Balancing the United States”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2009, Vol. 53, No.5, p.727-744.
• KALDOR, Mary, “The EU as a New Form of Political Authority: The Example of the Common Security and Defence Policy”, The Journal Global Policy, 2012, Vol.3, Issue s1, p.79-86.
• KAYNAR, Mete K. and AK, Gökhan, “The EU/CFSP and NATO: Possibility of a Co-Existence as Brothers-in-arms?” International Journal of Research –Granthaalayah, 2017, Vol.5, No. 1, p. 111-136.
• KEMPIN, Ronja and MAWDSLEY, Jocelyn, “The Common Security and Defence Policy as an Act of American Hegemony”, European Security, 2013, Vol.22, Issue 1, p.55-73.
• MATTEALER, Alexander, “Rediscovering Geography in NATO Defence Planning”, The Journal Defence Studies, 2018, Vol.18, Issue 3, p.339-356.
• MEYER, Christoph O., “The Purpose and Pitfalls of Constructivist Forecasting: Insights from Strategic Culture Research for the European Union’s Evolution as a Military Power”, International Studies Quarterly, 2011, Vol 55, Issue 3, p.669–690.
• ÖZGÖKER, Uğur and BEDİRHAN, Zekeriya A., “The European Common Foreign and Security and Turkey’s Contribution”, Journal International Relations and Foreign Policy, 2017, No.1, Vol. 5, pp.75-82.
• PODADERA RIVERA, Pablo and GARASCHCUK, Anna, . "The Eurasian Economic Union: Prospective Regional Integration in the Post-Soviet Space or just Geopolitical Project?," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 2016, Vol. 7, Issue 2, p. 91-110.
• POSEN, Barry R., “European Union Security and Defence Policy: Response to Unipolarity?”, Security Studies, 2006, Vol. 15, Issue 2, p.149-186.
• SAKWA Richard, “‘New Cold War’ or Twenty Years’ Crisis? Russia and international politics”. International Affairs, March 2008, Vol. 84, Issue 2, p.241-267.
• SWEENEY, Simon and WINN, Neil, CSDP and the Open Method of Coordination: Developing the EU’s Comprehensive Approach to Security, Journal of Regional Security, 2017, 95–121, p.95–121.
• VUKADINOVIĆ, Lidija Čehulić, BEGOVIĆ, Monika and JUŠIĆ, Luka, “NATO in Europe: Between Weak European Allies and Strong Influence of Russian Federation”, Croatian International Relations Review, 2017, Vol. 23, No. 80, p.5-32.
• YOST, David S., NATO’s Evolving Purposes and the Next Strategic Concept, International Affairs, March 2010, Vol. 86, Issue 2, 2010, p.489–522.
• VELJANOVSKA, Katerina, “The Changing Nature of Security in Europe: the Triangle between Russia’s New Foreign Policy”, the CSDP and NATO”, Romanian Journal of European Affairs, Vol. 15, No. 3, September 2015, p.51-65.
• Internet Sources ATILLA, Mesterhazy, Burden Sharing: New Commitments in a New Era, 2018, https://www.nato-pa.int/view-file?filename=/sites/default/files/2018-12/2018%20-%20BURDEN%20SHARING%20NEW%20COMMITMENTS%20IN%20A%20NEW%20ERA%20-%20MESTERHAZY%20REPORT%20-%20170%20DSCTC%2018%20E%20rev1%20fin.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• BISCOP, Sven, European Defence: Give PESCO a Chance Survival, 2018, Vol. 60, No. 3, p.161–180, https://www.egmontinstitute.be/content/uploads/2018/06/European-defence-give-PESCO-a-change-SvenBiscop-June18-1.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• BISCOP, Sven, “Differentiated Integration in Defence: a Plea for PESCO”, 2017, https://www.iai.it/it/pubblicazioni/differentiated-integration-defence-plea-pesco, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• Clingendael (Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael) Report, 2015, New Threats, New EU and NATO Responses, https://www.clingendael.org/publication/new-threats-new-eu-and-nato-responses, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• ELLEHUUS, Rachel, “Political Guidance 2019, approved at the NATO Defense Ministerial in February 2019, was an important step in setting NATO’s overall level of ambition. Ideally, it would go one step further by stating that collective defense is the first task among equals and, as such, should be prioritized in terms of resourcing.”, 2019, https://breakingdefense.com/2019/04/blueprint-for-a-more-effective-nato/, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• FIORENZA, Nicholas, “NATO Improves Force Readiness”, https://www.janes.com/article/93011/nato-improves-force-readiness, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• FLEISCHER, Paweł, NATO Defence Planning Process, Implications for Defence Posture, 2015, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285543654_NATO_Defence_Planning_Process_Implications_for_defence_posture, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• HOWORTH, Jolyon, Strategic Autonomy: Why It’s Not About Europe Going it Alone, 2019, https://www.martenscentre.eu/publication/strategic-autonomy-why-its-not-about-europe-going-it-alone, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• https://eeas.europa.eu/topics/common-security-and-defence-policy-csdp/431/common-security-and-defence-policy-csdp_en, (Retrieved: 25.11.2020)
• Joint declaration by the President of the European Council, the President of the European Commission, and the Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO Press Release (2016) 119, 2016, https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_133163.htm, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• LYE, Harry, “Europe Steps Up Defence Spending: IISS”, https://www.army-technology.com/features/europe-steps-up-defence-spending-iiss, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• MEYER, Christoph O., 10 Years of CSDP, 2020, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2020/603485/EXPO_IDA(2020)603485_EN.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• MÖHRING, Johanna, The Three Elephants of European Security, Texas National Security Review, 2020, https://warontherocks.com/2020/01/the-three-elephants-of-european-security, (Retrieved: 25.11.2020)
• NATO Fact Sheet, http://mivagyunkanato.hu/pdf/nato_kiadvanyok_angol/1802-Factsheet-NATO-Command-Structure_en.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• NATO Readiness Initiative, https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2018_06/20180608_1806-NATO-Readiness-Initiative_en.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• NATO Wales Summit Declaration, issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Wales from 4 to 5 September, para. 1, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2014_2019/documents/sede/dv/sede240914walessummit_/sede240914walessummit_en.pdf, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• POPESCU, Nicu, “First Lessons from the Ukrainian Crisis”, European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2014, p.1, https://www.iss.europa.eu/content/first-lessons-ukrainian-crisis, (Retrieved: 01.12.2020)
• SCHMITT, Burkard, European Capabilities Action Plan (ECAP), https://www.peacepalacelibrary.nl/ebooks/files/06-bsecap.pdf, (Retrieved: 25.11.2020)
• SCHULTZ, Teri, “NATO in Europe Needs 'Military Schengen' to Rival Russian Mobility” https://www.dw.com/en/nato-in-europe-needs-military-schengen-to-rival-russian-mobility/a-40470302, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• SIPRI Fact Sheet, March 2020, https://www.scribd.com/document/451241107/SIPRI-Trends-in-International-Arms-Transfer-2019, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• The Military Balance, Chapter Four: Europe, 2020, 120:1, p.64-165, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/04597222.2020.1707964, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• WALT, Stephen M., NATO Owes Putin a Big Thank-You, 2014, https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/04/nato-owes-putin-a-big-thank-you/, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• WITNEY, Nick, Building Europeans’ Capacity to Defend Themselves, 2019, https://ecfr.eu/publication/building_europeans_capacity_to_defend_themselves/, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)
• VALÁŠEK, Tomáš, ‘The EU’s New Defense Pact: Marginal Gains’, Carnegie Europe, 16 November 2017, https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/74760, (Retrieved:02.12.2020)