Modern Terörizmin Beşinci Dalgası: Devletlerin Uluslararası Terörist Örgütlerle İş Birliğinin Sebepleri ve Sonuçları
David Rapoport 2004 yılında yazdığı makalesinde, uluslararası terör hareketlerinin tarihsel süreç içerisinde dalgalar halindeki gelişimini incelemiş, teorik ve kavramsal olarak terörizmin uluslararası ilişkiler açısından ne anlama geldiğini açıklamıştır. Günümüzde uluslararası terörizmin geldiği noktada yeni bir terörizm dalgası, uluslararası ilişkiler alanının anarşik yapısında devletlerin ulusal çıkarları uğruna terörizmi kullandığı, terörist örgütler ve gruplarla iş birliğini savaşın farklı bir uygulama biçimi olarak meşrulaştırma gayretine girdiği bir süreci ifade etmektedir. Bu makalede, hibrit savaş yöntemleri ile başlayan, terör örgütlerinin devletler tarafından ortaklar olarak adlandırılarak açıkça desteklendiği hatta silahlandırıldığı sürecin sebep ve muhtemel sonuçları incelenecektir. Modern terörizmin dört dalgasından sonra beşinci bir dalga olarak devletlerin ulusal çıkarları uğruna terör örgütleri ve teröristlerle açık olarak iş birliği yapmaları ve terörü genel savaş dışında bir çatışma biçimi olarak uygulamaları, uluslararası terörle mücadelenin uluslararası iş birliği içerisinde sürdürülmesinin karşısındaki en büyük engel olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Daha önce Beşinci Dalga olarak öne sürülen terör hareketlerinin aslında Rapoport’un tanımladığı ilk dört terör dalgası içerisinde mütalaa edilebileceği, ancak devletlerin terör örgütleri vasıtasıyla ulusal çıkarlarını koruma gayreti içerisine girdiği sürecin gerçek bir yeni terör dalgası olduğu değerlendirilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Uluslararası Terör, Terör Örgütleri, Terör Dalgaları, Ulusal Çıkarlar, Uluslararası Güvenlik
The Fifth Wave of Modern Terrorism: Causes and Possible Consequences of the States’ Cooperation with International Terrorist Organizations
In his article written in 2004, David Rapoport examined the waves of international terrorist movements in the historical process and explained what terrorism means in terms of international relations theoretically and conceptually. Today, at the point where international terrorism has come, a new wave of terrorism represents a process in which states use terrorism for the sake of their national interests in the anarchic structure of the field of international relations, and attempt to legitimize cooperation with terrorist organizations and groups as a different form of war. In this article, the causes and possible consequences of the process in which terrorist organizations are openly supported and even armed by states as partners, starting with hybrid warfare methods will be examined. As a fifth wave after the four waves of modern terrorism, the states’ open cooperation with terrorist organizations and terrorists for the sake of their national interests and their application of terrorism as a form of conflict other than general war is the biggest obstacle to the continuation of the fight against international terrorism in international cooperation. It is assessed that terrorist movements, which were previously claimed as the Fifth Wave, can actually be considered within the first four terror waves defined by Rapoport, but the process in which states try to protect their national interests through terrorist organizations is a real new wave of terror.
Keywords:
International Terrorism, Terrorist Organizations, Terror Waves, National Interests, International Security,
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- ISSN: 1305-4740
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 2005
- Yayıncı: Millî Savunma Üniversitesi Atatürk Stratejik Araştırmalar ve Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü