Seyedmohammad SEYEDI ASL, Orhan KARAOĞLU

Jeopolitik Açıdan Suudi Arabistan-Yemen Sınır Anlaşmazlığı ve Husiler Meselesi

Eski çağlardan beri ülkeler ile yerel topluluklar arasında sınır anlaşmazlıkları hep var olmuş ve aralarında gerek savaşların gerekse çatışmaların doğmasında temel etken teşkil etmiştir. Bilhassa Arap yarımadası ve özellikle Suudi Arabistan’ın siyasi sınırları Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra farklı savaşlar ve antlaşmalarla çizilmiştir. Bu gerçek, sınırların dayatılması, petrol ve enerji kaynaklarının bulunması, bazı bölgelerin veya adaların stratejik konumu, bölge dışı güçlerin müdahalesi gibi nedenlerden dolayı bu sınırların bazı kısımları üzerine anlaşma sağlanmamış ve bu anlaşmazlıklar günümüze kadar uzanmıştır. Söz konusu sınır anlaşmazlığının en önemlisi Suudi Arabistan ile Yemen arasında yaşanmaktadır. Özellikle Husilerin güçlenmesiyle sınır anlaşmazlığı kısmi çatışmaların ötesine geçerek Suudi Arabistan’ın Yemen’e savaş açmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma, sınır kavramı ve sınır güvenliği konusunu ele alarak iki ülke arasındaki sınır güvenliğinin ikili ilişkiler üzerine etkilerini ve sonuçlarını değerlendirecektir. Literatür taramasında Yemen ve Suudi Arabistan arasındaki sorunların daha çok mezhepsel boyutlarıyla ele alındığı, sınır anlaşmazlığı konusunun yeterince ele alınmadığı görülmüştür. Bu makalede bu konunun derinlemesine incelenmesi makalenin önemini göstermektedir. Makalede vaka analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Vaka analizinde araştırma için belirli bir bireyin, grubun, kitlenin olayın, politika alanının ya da kurumun incelenmesini içermektedir. Her ne kadar vaka analizi nitel araştırmalar ile özdeşleştirilmiş olsa da hem nicel hem de nitel araştırmalarda vaka analizi yönteminin bu makalede uygulanmasının daha doğru olduğu düşünülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Jeopolitik, Sınır Güvenliği, Suudi Arabistan, Yemen, Husiler

The Saudi Arabia-Yemen Border Dispute and the Houthis Issue from the Perspective of Geopolitics

Since ancient times, there have always been border disputes between countries and local communities and these border disputes have been the main factor in the emergence of wars and conflicts. In particular, the political borders of the Arabian Peninsula and especially Saudi Arabia were drawn with different wars and treaties after the First World War. Due to this fact and due to reasons such as the imposition of borders, the availability of oil and energy resources, the strategic location of some regions or islands, and the intervention of extra-regional powers, some parts of these borders have not yet been agreed upon and these disagreements have continued to the present day. The most important border dispute in question is the one that is between Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Especially with the strengthening of the Houthis, the border dispute went beyond partial conflicts and caused Saudi Arabia to declare war on Yemen. This study will evaluate the effects and consequences of border security on bilateral relations between the two countries by addressing the concept of border and border security. The literature review showed that the problems between Yemen and Saudi Arabia were mostly handled with their sectarian dimensions and that the border dispute was not adequately addressed. The in-depth examination of this topic shows the importance of the article. The case analysis method was used in the article. Case analysis involves examining a particular individual, group, audience, event, policy area or institution for research. Although the case analysis method has been identified with qualitative research, it was thought that it would be more appropriate to apply the case analysis method in both quantitative and qualitative research in this article.

Keywords:

Geopolitics, Border Security, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Houthis,

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ISSN: 1305-4740
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2005
Yayıncı: Millî Savunma Üniversitesi Atatürk Stratejik Araştırmalar ve Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü