Yeşil Lojistiğin Rekabetçilik Üzerindeki Etkisi: Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelere Yönelik Bir Panel Veri Analizinden Kanıtlar

Çevreye verilen zararların belki de en başında fosil yakıtların kullanımından kaynaklanan ve çevreye bırakılan gazlar gelmektedir. Fosil yakıtlar lojistik faaliyetlerde yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı seçili gelişmekte olan ülkelerin yeşil lojistik performansları ile imalat sanayi ürünlerinin rekabet edebilirliği arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek bu literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Çevreci lojistik faaliyetin ölçütü olarak taşımacılıktan kaynaklanan karbon emisyon miktarı ve rekabetçilik ölçütü olarak imalat sanayi ürünlerine ait Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler Endeksi (Revealed Comperative Adventage Index) kullanılmıştır. Açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak işçi başına üretkenlik, 15-65 yaş arasındaki nüfusun haftalık çalışma süresi ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar kullanılmıştır. 38 gelişmekte olan ülkenin 2010-2018 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılmıştır. Panel veri yöntemiyle yapılan analizler sonucunda yeşil lojistiğin ülkelerin imalat sanayi ürünlerinin rekabetçiliğini olumlu bir şekilde etkilediği ortaya konulmuştur. Bu sonuç gelişmekte olan ülkelerin çevre standartlarından tavizler vermeden de uluslararası rekabet avantajı elde edebileceklerini desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yeşil Lojistik, Rekabet Edebilirlik, Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler, Panel Veri Analizi

The Impact of Green Logistics on Competitiveness: Evidence from a Panel Data Analysis for Developing Countries

Perhaps the most important of the damages to the environment is the gases caused using fossil fuels and released into the environment. Fossil fuels are used extensively in logistics activities. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to this literature by examining the relationship between the green logistics performance of selected developing countries and the competitiveness of manufacturing industry products. The amount of carbon emissions derived from transportation has been used as a measure of green logistic performance, and the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index of manufacturing industry products used as a competitiveness proxy. Also, productivity per worker, weekly working hours of the population aged 15-65 and foreign direct investment have been used as explanatory variables. The data set includes 38 developing countries and covers between 2010 and 2018. As a result of the analyzes made with the panel data method, it has been revealed that green logistics positively affects the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry products of the countries. This result supports those developing countries can gain international competitive advantage without making concessions on environmental standards.

Keywords:

Green Logistics, Competitiveness, Revealed Comparative Advantages, Panel Data Analysis,

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