Sağlık Profesyonellerinde Güvenlik Kültürü ve Güvenlik İklimi: Sistematik Derleme

İnsanın en temel ihtiyaçlarından biri güvenliktir. Sağlık kurumları her insanın hayatında en az bir kez uğradığı yerlerden biri olduğundan, bu ortamlarda güvenlik ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma “güvenlik kültürü” ve “güvenlik iklimi” temalarına değinen çalışmaları derlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Güncel ve hala net bir tanımının olmaması, güvenlik kültürünün tek boyutta ele alınması gibi nedenlerle çok az çalışmaya (n=10) ulaşılmıştır. Ülkemizde güvenlik kültürünü tüm boyutlarıyla değerlendirmenin sadece üç çalışmada ele alındığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışma kapsamında farklı ülkelerde yapılan yedi çalışma incelenmiştir. Ülkemizde yapılan çalışmalarda olduğu gibi bu çalışmalarda da sağlık profesyonellerinin tamamı ya da hekim, hemşire, ebe gibi bazı meslek gruplarının değerlendirildiği, hekimlerin, hasta ile yakın temasta ve 40 saatin altında çalışanların, yöneticilerin güvenlik kültürü algılarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Hemen tüm çalışmalarda güvenlik kültürünün orta ya da iyi düzeyde olduğu, ancak fiziksel, ruhsal ve sosyal boyutların birlikte ele alınmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Güvenlik yönetimi, Hemşireler, Hekimler, Kurumsal kültür

Safety Culture and Safety Climate in Health Professionals: Systematic Review

One of the most basic human needs is security. Since health institutions are one of the places that every person visits at least once in their life, safety in these environments has a special importance. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of compiling studies addressing the themes of "safety culture" and "safety climate". Very few studies (n=10) have been reached due to reasons such as the lack of a current and still a clear definition, and the single dimension of security culture. In our country, it has been observed that evaluating the safety culture with all its dimensions has been discussed in only three studies. In addition, within the scope of this study, seven studies conducted in different countries were examined. In all studies, all health professionals or some occupational groups such as physicians, nurses and midwives were evaluated, and it was observed that physicians, those who work less than 40 hours a week and administrators have higher perceptions of safety culture. In almost all studies, it has been observed that the safety culture is at a moderate or good level, but it has been determined that the physical, spiritual and social dimensions are not considered together.

Keywords:

Nurses, Organizational culture, Physicians, Safety management,

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