Güney Afrika Kalkınma Topluluğunda Sağlık Sektörüne Yönelik İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Mevzuatı: Botsvana ve Güney Afrika Örneği

İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) mevzuatı, düzenlemeleri ve dünya genelindeki tüm sektörlerde çalışanlara yönelik yaptırımlar hala eksiktir ve kalkınmayı teşvik etmek için radikal ve sistematik bir yaklaşım gerektirmektedir. Ancak COVID 19 pandemisinin ortaya çıkması, sağlığın ön planda olduğu her sektörde İSG mevzuatlarına olan büyük ihtiyaca ışık tutmuştur. Güney Afrika Kalkınma Topluluğu (SADC) bölgesindeki bazı ülkeler, başta sağlık hizmeti işkolu olmak üzere, İSG alanında sınırlı organizasyonel ve yasal yapılara sahiptir. Güney Afrika bölgesinde İSG konusunda bilgi kıtlığı var çünkü hala emekleme aşamasında ve büyük ölçüde az gelişmiş durumdadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Güney Afrika Kalkınma Topluluğu bölgesinde özellikle Botsvana ve Güney Afrika'nın sağlık hizmeti işkolunda İSG mevzuatlarının yapısının geleneksel bir incelemesini yapmaktır. Sonuç olarak, Botsvana'ya kıyasla oldukça gelişmiş sistemlere sahip Güney Afrika ile her iki ülke de işyeri sağlığı ve güvenliğini yöneten mevzuat çerçeveleri geliştirmede farklı seviyelere ulaşmıştır. İnsan kaynakları eksiklikleri ve uzmanlık eksikliği, her iki ülkede de işyeri sağlığı ve güvenliği programlarının uygulanmasında ve bunlara uyulmasında büyük zorluklar olarak gösterilmektedir. Her iki ülkede, Güney Afrika bölgesinde ve diğer gelişmekte olan ülkelerde özellikle sağlık hizmeti işkolunda iş sağlığının geliştirilmesine, belirli politikaları ve mevzuatlarının geliştirilmesine ve ayrıca İSG konusunda eğitim ve öğretim sağlanmasına odaklanılması yardımcı olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mevzuat, Sağlık Sektörü, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği, Botsvana, Güney Afrika

Occupational Health and Safety Legislation for the Health Sector in Southern African Development Community: The Case of Botswana and South Africa

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) legislation, regulation, and enforcement for workers in all sectors worldwide still need to be improved and require a radical and systematic approach to foster development. However, the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on the great need for OHS legislation in every sector, with health at the forefront. Some nations in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region need more organizational and legislative structures in OHS, particularly in the health sector. Literature on OHS in the Southern African region is scarce because it is still in its infancy and greatly underdeveloped. The purpose of this study is to conduct a traditional review of the structure of OHS legislation in the SADC region, specifically in Botswana and South Africa's health sector. In conclusion, Botswana and South Africa have reached different levels in developing legislation frameworks that govern workplace health and safety, with South Africa having a highly developed system compared to Botswana. Human resource shortage and a lack of OHS expertise are significant challenges in implementing and adhering to workplace health and safety programs in both countries. The development of occupational health, specifically in the health sector in both countries, the Southern African region and other developing countries, could be aided by a focus on developing specific policies and legislations and providing training and education in OHS.

Keywords:

Legislation, Health Care Sector, Occupational Health and Safety, Botswana, South Africa,

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