Adana’nın Kentsel Ayrışma Monografisi: Endeks Temelli Bir Yaklaşım

Kentler bir dizi yıkım, dönüşüm ve el değiştirme süreci ile sonu gelmez bir değişim içindedir. Kent araştırmacıları sürekli olarak bu değişimi anlamanın ve analiz etmenin yollarını aramaktadır. Benzer bir anlama çabası ile ortaya çıkan bu araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’nin toplumsal grupların çeşitliliği ve bölünmüşlüğü açısından dinamik kentlerinden biri olan Adana’da veri temelli ampirik bir yaklaşım ve monografik bir dil ve temsiliyet ile mekansal ayrışmayı ve ayrışmanın zaman içindeki değişimini analiz etmek, bunu yaparken uluslararası ayrışma literatüründeki yöntem odaklı tartışmaların ulusal düzeyde bir yorum ve özetini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın yöntemi beş boyutta ayrışma endeksleri (düzenlilik, maruz kalma, yığılma, kümeleneme, merkezileşme) ve bu endekslerin mahalle bazlı görselleştirmelerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun Adana için mahalle düzeyinde 1990 ve 2000 yılı Genel Nüfus Sayımı yüzde beşlik örneklem verisi ile 2017 yılı Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi eğitim grupları verisi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda Adana’nın incelenen her dönemde (1990, 2000, 2017) ve ayrışmanın hemen her boyutuna göre eğitim gruplarınca paylaşılan, ayrışmış bir kent olduğu ancak bu ayrımların son dönemde mekansal olarak keskinleştiği görülmüştür. Ortaya çıkan ayrışma örüntüsüne göre, kentsel hareketi yüksek olanlar yüksek eğitimli gruplar iken, düşük eğitimli gruplar bulundukları alanda derinleşen bir içe kapanma eğilimi göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kentsel ayrışma, Ayrışma endeksleri, Sosyo-mekansal temsil biçimleri, Adana

Residential Segregation Monography of Adana: An Index Based Approach

Cities are in a constant state of change with a series of destruction and transformation processes. Urban researchers are therefore looking for ways to understand and analyze the change in the cities. The aim of this study, which emerged with a similar understanding effort, is to analyze residential segregation and its change over time, with a method-based approach and a monographic language in Adana, one of the dynamic cities of Turkey in terms of diversity and division of social groups. The aim is to present a national interpretation and summary of the method-oriented debates at the international segregation literature. Method of the study consists of segregation indices and spatial representations. In the study, five percent sample data of the 1990 and 2000 General Population Census for Adana at neighborhood level of Turkish Statistical Institute, and education groups data of 2017 Address Based Population Registration System were used. At the end, it has been observed that Adana is a highly segregated city shared by education groups in every period examined, but these distinctions have been sharpened recently. In this segregated city picture, while those with high mobility are highly educated, groups with low education show a deepening tendency of closure.

Keywords:

Residential segregation, Segregation indices, Forms of socio-spatial representation, Adana Adana, Adana, Adana, Adana,

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