AÇIK DENİZ PETROL ENDÜSTRİSİNİN EKOTOKSİKOLOJİK ETKİLERİ

Sanayi Devrimi’nden sonra petrole duyulan ihtiyacın artmasıyla ilk başta karadaki petrol rezervlerinden petrol çıkartılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak hem artan ihtiyacın karşılanabilmesi hem de petrolün varil fiyatını düşürmek amacıyla denizlerde bulunan petrol rezervlerine de yönelim olmuştur. Günümüzde, neredeyse dünyadaki bütün denizlerde petrol ve doğal gaz çıkartılmaktadır. Petrol çıkartılırken veya işlenirken geçtiği işlemler sonucunda, üretimden oluşan su, sondaj sıvıları, sondaj çamurları veya sondaj kesintileri gibi bazı ürünler oluşabilmekte ve bazen bunlar denize deşarj edilebilmektedir. Bu deşarj, o çevrede yaşayan canlılara, canlıların yaşam alanlarına, sedimentlere, deniz ortamına veya ekolojik dengeye ciddi zararlar verebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, açık deniz petrol endüstrisinin ekotoksikolojik etkileri göz önüne serilmiştir

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