Habib ERENSOY, Hasan Mervan AYTAÇ, Tonguç Demir BERKOL, Ava Şirin TAV

İlaç içerek intihar girişiminde bulunanlarda eksen-ı tanı sıklığı ve klinik özellikler

Amaç: İntihar psikiyatrik bozuklukların en ciddi komplikasyonu olup intihar girişimlerinde en fazla kullanılan yöntem ilaç alımıdır. Bu çalışmada ilaç içerek intihar girişiminde bulunarak yoğun bakım servisinde gözlemde tutulan hastalarda sosyodemografik özellikler, psikososyal risk etkenleri ve psikiyatrik tanı dağılımlarının saptanması ve böylelikle erken müdahale yöntemlerine kılavuzluk sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin yoğun bakım servisinde, ilaç içerek intihar girişimi nedeni ile izlenen ve çalışmaya katılmaya onam veren 94 hasta alınmıştır. Hastalara sosyodemografik veri formu doldurulmuş ve tüm hastalara SCID-I uygulanmıştır. İntihar girişimi ile ilişkili olabilecek risk etkenleri belirlenip elde edilen veriler cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi ve eksen-I tanı dağılımı gibi değişkenler açısından değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Hastaların %95’i intihar girişimi ile ilişkili ailesel, duygusal veya sosyoekonomik bir stres etkeni tariflemiştir. Hastaların %72'sinde (n=68) bir, %11'inde (n=10) ise birden çok eksen-I bozukluk saptanmıştır. Çalışmamızda hastaların %68'inde (n=64) major depresif bozukluk, %11'inde (n=10) depresif uyum bozukluğu, %6'sında (n=6) panik bozukluk, %6'sında (n=6) alkol bağımlılığı, %2'sinde (n=2) yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu ve %2'sinde (n=2) akut stres bozukluğu tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: İlaç içerek intihar girişiminde bulunan hastalarda eksen-I bozukluklar sık bulunmuş olup bunlar arasında major depresyon başı çekmektedir. Çalışmamızda yer alan hastaların tamamına yakını intihar girişimleri ile ilişkili olabilecek stres etkeni tariflemekte olup erken müdahale ve etkin bir psikiyatrik tedavi ciddi riskleri önleyebilir.

Frequency of axis-ı diagnosis and clinical features of suicide attempters with drug overdose

Objective: Suicide is the most serious complication of psychiatric disorders. Drug intake is the most commonly used method in suicide attempts. The aim of this study was determining sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial risk factors, and psychiatric diagnosis distributions in patients who were observed in the intensive care unit by attempting suicide with taking medication. Material and Methods: 94 of the patients who were followed up for suicidal attempt in a training and research hospital intensive care unit were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form was filled and SCID-I was applied to all patients. The risk factors that may be related with suicide attempt were determined and the obtained data were evaluated in terms of variables such as gender, education level and axis-I diagnosis distribution. Results: T95% of the patients had a familial, emotional or socioeconomic stress associated with suicide attempt. While 72% (n=68) of the patients had only one axis-I disorder, 11% (n=10) had multiple axis I disorders. In our study, 68% (n=64) of the patients had major depressive disorder, 11% (n=10) had depressive adjustment disorder, 6% (n=6) had panic disorder, 6% (n=6) had alcohol dependence, 2% (n=2) had generalized anxiety disorder and 2% (n=2) had acute stress disorder. Conclusion: Axis-I disorders were found to be frequent in patients who attempted suicide by taking a drug and major depression was the leading one. Almost all of the patients in our study have been described as stressors that may be related to suicide attempts and early intervention and effective psychiatric treatment can prevent serious risks.

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