Bazı Yeni Pamuk Genotiplerinin (F7) Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood ve Meloidogyne javanica Chitwood Kök-Ur Nematodlarına Reaksiyonları
Pamuk, lifi ve tohumu ile önemli bir endüstri bitkisidir. Birçok kültür bitkisinde sorun olan bitki paraziti kök-ur nematodları (Meloidogyne spp.), pamuğun da zararlıları arasındadır. Bu zararlıyla mücadelede kullanılan nematisitlerin insan ve çevre üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerden dolayı, kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif, dayanıklı pamuk genotiplerinin geliştirilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, Nazilli 84 S (♀) x Aşkabat 100 (♂) melez kombinasyonundan geliştirilen beş adet yeni pamuk genotipinin (F7), kök-ur nematodlarından M. incognita’nın ırk 1 ve ırk 2’si ile M. javanica’nın ırk 1’ine karşı reaksiyonlarını belirlemek amacıyla 2016 yılında, Kahramanmaraş ilinde, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 5 tekerrürlü olarak iklim odasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda, pamuk genotiplerinin M. Javanica nematodunun ırk 1’ine karşı dayanıklı olduğu saptanırken, G1, G4 ve G5 pamuk genotiplerinin M. incognita nematodunun ırk 1 ve ırk 2’sine karşı dayanıklı, G2 ve G3 pamuk genotiplerinin ise M. incognita nematodunun ırk 1’ine duyarlı, ırk 2’sine ise dayanıklı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Reactions of Some New Cotton Genotypes (F7) to Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood and Meloidogyne javanica Chitwood
Cotton is an important industrial plant because of its fiber and seed. Root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne spp.) are among the harmful of cotton due to its parasitic effects, as in other plants. On accountof the adverse effects of nematicides used in this struggle against to humans and environmental health, it isnecessary to develop durable cotton genotypes as an alternative to chemical struggle. This study was conductedin Kahramanmaraş province in 2016 for determine the reactions of five new cotton genotypes (F7) whichobtained from Nazilli 84 S (♀) x Ashgabat 100 (♂) cross combination against to race 1 and race 2 of M incognitaand race 1 of M javanica. M. incognita and M. javanica are root-knot nematodes. For this purpose, anexperiment with 5 replications was carried out in the climate chamber, with a randomized plot design.As a result of study, G1, G4and G5 cotton genotypes were found resistant to both race 1 and race 2 of M.incognita. Whereas G2 and G3 genotypes were found susceptible to race 1 of M. incognita, but resistant to race2. On the other hand, all cotton genotypes found to be resistant to race 1 of M. javanica.
___
- Anonymous (2018). T.C. General Directorate of
Cooperatives, Ministry of Customs and Trade,
2017 Year Cotton Report.
- Anwar SA and Khan IU (1973). Some studies on
cotton wilt complex. Journal of Agricultural
Research, 11: 94–98.
- Atkinson GF (1892). Some diseases of cotton. III.
Frenching. Bulletin Alabama Agricultural
Experiment Station, 41: 19–29.
- Atkinson GF (1899). Nematode root-galls. Alabama
Polytech. Institute and Agricultural Experiment
Station, Bulletin 9: 177–226.
- Baird RE, Davis RF, Alt PJ, Mullinix BG and Padgett
GB (1996). Frequency and geographical
distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes on
cotton in Georgia. Supplement to Journal of
Nematology, 28: 661–667.
- Bateman RJ, Kirkpatrick TL, Robbins RT and Lorenz
G (2000). The distribution of root-knot and
reniform nematodes in Arkansas, 1990-1999.
Proceedings Beltwide Cotton Conference; 5–8
January 2000; San Antonio, TX. Memphis, TN:
Cotton Council of America; 2000. p. 171.
- Blasingame DC (1993a). Cotton Nematodes: Your
Hidden Enemies. The National Cotton
Foundation, Memphis, TN.
- Blasingame DC (1993b). Nematode distribution and
density. Pp. 4–6 in Cotton nematodes: Your
hidden enemies. Cotton Foundation: Memphis,
TN.
- Blasingame D (2006). 2005 Cotton Disease Loss
Estimate. Pp. 155–157 in Proceedings Beltwide
Cotton Conferences, National Cotton Council of
America. Memphis, TN.
- Colyer PD, Kirkpatrick TL, Caldwell WD and
Vernon PR (2000). Root-knot nematode
reproduction and root galling severity on related
conventional and transgenic cotton cultivars.
Journal of Cotton Science, 4: 232-236.
- Creech RG, Jenkins JN, Tang B, Lawrence GW and
McCarty JC (1995). Cotton resistance to rootknot
nematode: I. Penetration and reproduction.
Crop Science, 35 (2): 365-368.
- Eisenback JD, Hirschmann H, Sasse JN and
Triantaphyllou AC (1981). A guide to the four
most common species of root-knot nematodes
(Meloidogyne spp.), with a pictorial key. Coop.
Public Departments, state University, and U.S.
Agency lnt. Dev. Raleigh, 48. North Carolina.
- Erdoğan O (2011).
http://www.oicvet.org/imgs/news/image/716-pre2.pdf.
22.01.2018
- Esbenshade PR and Triantaphyllou AC (1989).
Isozyme phenotypes for the identification of
Meloidogyne species. Journal of Nematology, 22:
10-15.
- Hartman KM and Sasser, JN (1985) Identification of
Meloidogyne species by differential host test and
perineal pattern morphology, In An advanced
treatise on Meloidogyne; Vol. II Methodology,
ed. Barker KR, Carter CC and Sasser JN Coop.
Publ. Dep. Plant Pathologies, North Carolina
State University Graphics, Raleigh, North
Carolina, pp. 69–77.
- Kirkpatrick TL and Sasser JN (1983). Parasitic
variability of Meloidogyne incognita populations
on susceptible and resistant cotton. Journal of
Nematology, 15 (2): 302-307.
- Kinlock RA and Sprenkel RK (1994). Plant-parasitic
nematodes associated with cotton in Florida.
Supplement to Journal of Nematology, 26: 749-
752.
- Koenning SR, Overstreet C, Noling J, Donald PA,
Becker JO and Fortnum BA (1999). Survey of
crop losses in response to phytoparasitic
nematodes in the United States for 1994.
Supplement to the Journal of Nematology, 31:
587-618.
- Koenning SR, Barker KR and Bowman DT (2001).
Resistance as a tactic for management of
Meloidogyne incognita on Cotton in North
Carolina. Journal of Nematology, 32 (2-3): 126-
131.
- Kutywayo V, Kutywayo D and Gwata E (2006).
Reaction of cotton and soybean cultivars to
populations of Meloidogyne
javanica and Meloidogyne incognita in
Zimbabwe. WFL Publisher Science and
Technology, 4 (3-4): 223-227.
- Mart C (2005). Integrated Production in Cotton.
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty
of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection.
No: 119. p 2.
- Martin SB, Mueller JD, Saunders J.A and Jones WI
(1994). A survey of South Carolina cotton fields
for plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant Disease, 78:
717-719.
- McClure MA, Ellis KC and Nigh ELC. (1974).
Resistance of cotton to the root-knot nematode,
Meloidogyne incognita. Journal of Nematoloji, 6
(1): 17-20.
- Ogallo JL, Goodell PB, Eckert J and Roberts PA
(1999). Management of root-know nematodes
with resistant cotton cv. NemX. Crop Science 39:
418-421.
- Pankaj A, Sirohi A and Ganguly AK (1996).
Evaluation of cultivars/lines of cotton for
resistance against root-knot nematode,
Meloidogyne incognita. Annals of Plant
Protection Sciences, 4: 85-94.
- Rammah A and Hirschmann H (1990).
Morphological comparison of three host races of
Meloidogyne javanica. Journal of Nematology,
22: 56-68.
- Robertson L, Diez-Rojo MA, Lopez-Perez JA, Piedra
Buena A, Escuer M, Lopez Cepero J, Martinez C
and Bello A (2009). New host races of
Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M.
javanica from horticultural regions of Spain.
Plant Disease, 93:180-184.
- Robinson AF, Cook CG and Percival AE (1998).
Resistance to Rotylenchulus reniformis and
Meloidogyne incognita race 3 in the major cotton
cultivars planted since 1950. Alliance of Crop
Soil and Environmental Science Societies, 39 (3):
850-858.
- Robinson AF, Bridges AC and Percival AE (2004).
New sources of resistance to the reniform
(Rotylenchulus reniformis) and root-knot
(Meloidogyne incognita) nematode in upland
(Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sea island
(Gossypium barbadense L.) cotton. Journal of
cotton science, 8 (3): 65-78.
- Sasser JN (1979). Pathogenicity, host ranges and
variability in Meloidogyne species. Pp. 257-268
in F. Lamberti and CE. Taylor, eds. Root-knot
nematodes (Meloidogyne species) systematics,
biology and control. New York: Academic Press.
- Sasser JN, Carter CC and Hartman KM (1984).
Standardization of host suitability studies and
reporting of resistance to root-knot nematodes.
Publication of the Department of Plant Pathology,
NC State University and USDA, Raleigh, pp: 7.
- Starr JL, Carneiro RG and Ruano O (2005).
Nematode parasites of cotton and other tropical
fiber crops. Pp. 733–750 in M. Luc, R. A. Sikora,
and J. Bridge, eds. Plant Parasitic Nematodes in
Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture. 2nd Ed.
Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing.
- Starr JL, Koenning SR, Kırkpatrick TL, Robinson
AF, Roberts PA and Nichols RL (2007). The
future of nematode management in cotton.
Journal of Nematology, 39 (4): 283-294.
- Triantaphyllou AC (1981). Oogenesis and
chromosomes of parthenogenetic root-knot
nematodes Meloidogyne incognita. Journal
Nematology, 13: 95-104.
- Veech JA (1978). An apparent relationship between
methoxy-substituted terpenoid aldehydes and the
resistance of cotton to Meloidogyne Incognita.
Nematologica, 24 (1): 81-87.
- Veech JA and Starr JL (1986). Comparison of
development, reproduction, and aggressiveness of
Meloidogyne incognita races 3 and 4 on cotton.
Journal of Nematology, 18 (3): 413-415.
- Viglierchio DR (1978). Resistant host responses to
ten California populations of Meloidogyne
incognita. Journal of Nematology, 10 (3): 224-
227.
- Zhou E and Starr JL (2003). The journal of cotton
science. The cotton Foundation, 7: 224-23