Ambient Light Effect on Receiver for Visible Light Communication Systems

The visible light communication (VLC), which can simultaneously provide both the lighting and the data transmission at the same time, has been emerged as a wireless optical communication technology. This article investigates the performance of VLC systems under ambient light effect that can cause receiver saturation. When reach to saturation the receiver, data bits cannot be correctly detected at the receiver side. This is because ambient light will decrease the difference between logical '1' and '0' levels when occur the saturation caused by ambient light. This paper offers a framework to demonstrate the ambient light effect for VLC systems. In addition to this, ambient light effect is observed for both hard decision and soft decision receiver schemes in the simulation results. It is shown from simulation results that BER performance decreases when the ambient light level increase and saturate the receiver. Moreover, an experimental system is set up to observe the problem status. A hybrid structure, which consists of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and analog circuits, is implemented on receiver side to amplify the photodiode current and to decrease the ambient light effect.

Keywords:

FPGA, Ambient light rejection, Visible light Communication, Transceiver,

PDF

___

[1] Ibrahim, A., Ismail, T., Elsayed, K.F., Darweesh, M.S., Prat, J., "Resource Allocation and Interference Management Techniques for OFDM-Based VLC Atto-Cells", IEEE access, 8: 127431–127439, (2020).
[2] Li, X., Min, C., Gao, S., Sun, G., Chen, X., Chen, H., "A CDMA-based high-speed multi-access VLC system with OOK modulation", Optics Communications, 451: 147–152, (2019).
[3] Zhang, D. F., Yu, H. Y., Zhu, Y. J., "A multi-user joint constellation design of color-shift keying for VLC downlink broadcast channels", Optics Communications, 473: 126001, (2020).
[4] Karunatilaka, D., Zafar, F., Kalavally, V., Parthiban, R., "LED Based Indoor Visible Light Communications: State of the Art", IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(3): 1649–1678, (2015).
[5] Lee, K., Park, H., "Modulations for Visible Light Communications With Dimming Control", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 23(16): 1136–1138, (2011).
[6] Li, S., Pandharipande, A., Willems, F.M.J., "Unidirectional Visible Light Communication and Illumination with LEDs", IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(23): 8617–8626, (2016).
[7] Sönmez, M., "Artificial neural network-based threshold detection for OOK-VLC Systems", Optics Communications, 460: 125107, (2020).
[8] Adiono, T., Fuada, S., "Optical Interference Noise Filtering Over Visible Light Communication System Utilizing Analog High-Pass Filter Circuit", 2017 International Symposium on Nonlinear Theory and Its Applications, 29: 616–619, (2017).
[9] Adiono, T., Pradana, A., Putra, R.V.W., Fuada, S., "Analog filters design in VLC analog front-end receiver for reducing indoor ambient light noise", 2016 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS), 581–584, (2016).
[10] Ahmed, M., Bermak, A., "A CMOS Transimpedence Amplifier With Ambient Light Rejection for Visible Light Communication in Intelligent Transport Systems", 2019 15th International Wireless Communications Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 7–13, (2019).
[11] Pham, Q. N., Rachim, V. P., An, J., Chung, W. Y., "Ambient Light Rejection Using a Novel Average Voltage Tracking in Visible Light Communication System", Applied Sciences, 7(7): 670, (2017).
[12] Chang, F., Hu, W., Lee, D., Yu, C., "Design and implementation of anti low-frequency noise in visible light communications", 2017 International Conference on Applied System Innovation (ICASI): 1536–1538, (2017).
[13] Cui, S., Xiong, F., "Adaptive threshold to mitigate the effect of cross-modulation interference and synchronisation errors in energy detection pulse position modulation ultra-wideband systems", IET Communications, 6(9): 1032-1037, (2012).
[14] Gao, Y. L., Wu, Z. Y., Wang, Z. K., Wang, J., "A 1.34-Gb/s real-time Li-Fi transceiver with DFT-spread-based PAPR mitigation", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 30(16): 1447-1450, (2018).
[15] Li, X., Min, C., Gao, S., Sun, G., Chen, X., Chen, H., "A CDMA-based high-speed multi-access VLC system with OOK modulation", Optics Communications, 451, 147-152, (2019).
[16] Shi, J., Hong, Y., Deng, R., He, J., Chen, L. K. “Real-time software-reconfigurable hybrid in-house access with OFDM-NOMA”, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 32(7), 379-382, (2020).
[17] Chen, M., Zou, P., Zhang, L., Chi, N., "Demonstration of a 2.34 Gbit/s real-time single silicon-substrate blue LED-based underwater VLC system", IEEE Photonics Journal, 12(1): 1-11, (2019).
[18] Deng, R., He, J., Chen, M., Zhou, Y., "Experimental demonstration of a real-time gigabit OFDM-VLC system with a cost-efficient precoding scheme", Optics Communications, 423, 69-73, (2018).
[19] Ayten, K., Sönmez, M., "Threshold detection and slot clustering algorithms in DPIM-VLC systems", Optik, 248, (2021).
[20] Sönmez, M., "BER Performance Comparison of Variable On-Off Keying and Variable Pulse Position Modulation Techniques," International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 6(1): 1-7, (2020).
[21] Zhang, Y., Jin, X., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Xu, Z., "Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Visible Light Communication System with Automatic Gain Control", 2019 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP), 1–3, (2019).
[22] Fuada, S., Putra, A.P., Aska, Y., Adiono, T., "A First Approach to Design Mobility Function and Noise Filter in VLC System Utilizing Low-cost Analog Circuits", International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES), 5(2): 14–30, (2017).
[23] Sönmez, M., "A New Demodulator For Inverse Pulse Position Modulation Technique", Hittite Journal of Science & Engineering, 5(1): 25–29, (2018).