YUMUŞAK BİYOLOJİK DOKULARIN DÜZLEMSEL EŞYÖNSÜZ MEKANİK DAVRANIŞININ BİREYE VE NOKTAYA ÖZEL BELİRLENMESİ İÇİN ELİPSOİD UÇLARLA YERİNDE CANLI (İN VİVO) İNDENTÖR DENEYLERİ

Yumuşak dokular insan bedeninin neredeyse tüm dış yüzeyini kaplar ve bedenin çevre ile mekanik etkileşiminde önemli rol oynar. Mühendisliğin diğer alanlarında uzun süredir başarı ile kullanılan sonlu elemanlar tekniği insan bedeninin çevre ile mekanik etkileşimini (özellikle beden dışında kullanılan protez ve ortezlerle) modellemede henüz aynı başarı düzeyine ulaşamamıştır. Burada temel darboğaz, yumuşak biyolojik dokuların mekanik davranışı ile ilgili yeterli ayrıntıda bilgi sahibi olunmaması olduğu kadar bu dokuların görece karmaşık mekanik yanıtlarından da kaynaklanmaktadır.Bu çalışmada yumuşak biyolojik dokuların mekanikn davranışlarının bireye özel, yerinde ve canlı olarak araştırılması için indentör cihazı ile eksenel simetrisi olmayan elipsoid uçlar kullanılarak ön kol yumuşak dokuları üzerinde devirli yükleme, gevşeme ve sünme deneyleri yapılmış, elde edilen sonuçlar büyük gerinme yaklaşımına uygun, doğrusal olmayan, iç mekanik enerji kayıplı (inelastik) ve mekanik özellikleri eşyönsüz (anizotropik) bir malzeme kanununun ve bu kanuna ait katsayıların belirlenebilmesi amacıyla işlenmiştir.Elde edilen deney sonuçları şimdiye kadar yumuşak dokular hakkında bilinenlerle uyumlu olmakla birlikte alışma (Mullin) etkisiyle ilgili yumuşak doku literatüründe yer almayan, bir devirde mekanik enerji kaybının (histeris) alışma ile azaldığı ve kararlı bir değere ulaştığı gözlenmiştir. Öte yandan elastik olmayan davranışı modellemek için iki terimli Prony serisi kullanımının gerekli ve yeterli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmış, alışma davranışını modellemek için seriye üçüncü terimin ilavesinin gerekli olabileceği izlenimi edinilmiş ancak gerekli deneyler bu çalışma kapsamında yapılmamıştır. Elastik olmayan davranışı modelleyen katsayıların yöne bağımlı olduğu gözlenmiştir.

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