TRIP çeliklerinin otomotiv endüstrisinde kullanımının incelenmesi

Türkiye ilk ağır sanayi hamlesi olan Karabük Demir-Çelik Fabrikasının kuruluşuyla birlikte entegre çeliküretimine başlamıştır. Türk Demir-Çelik endüstrisi, 21. Yüzyıla kadar olan süreçte farklı krizlere maruzkalmakla birlikte 2001 yılından itibaren hızlı bir büyüme sürecine girmiştir. Fakat küresel ekonomide gelişensektörel değişimlere ayak uydurmak ve üretimi o yönlere çevirmek gereksinim haline gelmiştir. Bu amaçlaülkemizde önemli bir sektör olarak kendini gösteren, katma değeri ve kazanımı yüksek olan otomotivendüstrisine çelik üretmek önemli bir amaç olabilir. Türkiye ve Dünya endüstrileri için gelişmiş hafif yüksekmukavemetli çelik üretimi kritik bir teknolojidir. Gelişmiş ülkelerde çelik endüstrisi entegre tesislere dayalı olup,katma değeri yüksek; gelişmiş yüksek mukavemetli çelik, paslanmaz çelik v.b. gibi ürünlere yönelmiştir.Ülkemizde farklı çelik sac türleri üretilmekle beraber özellikle son yıllarda yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan çift fazlıçelik düşük miktarlarda üretilmekte, ilerleyen yıllarda otomobil ağırlığını azaltmak amacıyla kullanımı artacakolan TRIP çeliği ise üretilmemektedir. Literatür çalışması son yıllarda yapılan özgün çalışmalar çerçevesindebiçimlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada TRIP çeliklerinin otomobillerde kullanılan diğer çeliklerle mikroyapı, çekmedayanımı, çarpma (darbe), şekillendirilebilme ve yorulma özellikleri gibi kriterlere bağlı olarak karşılaştırmalıbir biçimde sunulmuştur. Ayrıca TRIP çeliğinin otomotiv endüstrisinde kullanımı ve Türkiye’de üretilebilirliğihakkında da bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir.

The investigation of the use of TRIP steels in automotive industry

Turkey has started the integrated steel production with the foundation of Karabük Iron-Steel Factory which is thefirst heavy industry attempt of the country. Even though Turkish Iron-Steel industry has been exposed to variouscrises until the 21stcentury, it took an important step into a growth process starting from the year 2001.However, to keep up with the sectoral changes developing in the global economy and to direct the production inaccordance with such developments have become a requirement. For this purpose, it might be an importantobjective to produce steel for the automotive industry that has come into prominence in our country with a highlevel of added value and income. Production of light and advanced high-strength steel for Turkish and Worldindustries is a very critical technology. In developed countries, the steel industry is based on integrated plantsand has been directed to products such as advanced high-strength steel, stainless steel, etc. that have a very highadded value. In spite of that different kinds of steel sheet are being produced in our country, the dual phase steelwhich has been intensively utilized especially in recent years is being produced in low quantities whereas TRIPsteel, which shall be used more with the purpose of reducing the weight of the vehicles in future, is not beingproduced. The literature study has done considering most recent research shaped within the frame of originalstudies conducted in recent years. In this study, TRIP steels have been introduced in comparison with other steelsused in automobiles based on certain criteria such as microstructure, tensile strength, crash (impact), formabilityand fatigue. Furthermore, a study has also been conducted about the utilization of the TRIP steel in automotiveindustry and manufacturability in Turkey.

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