Tehlikeli maddelerin çok modlu taşımacılığı için çok-ürünlü iki-amaçlı bir model önerisi: Türkiye örneği

Kimyasal veya fiziksel karakteristikleri nedeni ile canlılara ve çevreye zarar verebilen tehlikeli maddelerin son yıllarda birçok sektörde kullanılıyor olması, tehlikeli madde taşımacılığının önemini arttırmaktadır. Demir yolu ve deniz yolu taşımacılığı risk ve maliyet açısından üstünlükler arz ediyor olmasına rağmen, ülkemizde tehlikeli madde taşımacılığı için yaygın olarak kara yolu kullanılmaktadır. Tehlikeli madde taşımacılığının önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan akaryakıt taşımacılığının ele alındığı bu çalışmada, arz ve talep noktaları arasındaki toplam ulaştırma maliyeti ve toplam ulaştırma riskinin minimizasyonunu hedefleyen; kara yolu, demir yolu ve deniz yolu taşımacılığını içeren çok modlu çok-ürünlü iki-amaçlı matematiksel model önerilmiştir. Önerilen modelin Türkiye uygulaması için T.C. Ulaştırma Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanlığı bünyesindeki kuruluşlar, akaryakıt dağıtım şirketleri ve lojistik firmalarından gerekli veriler toplanarak, GAMS/CPLEX optimizasyon programı ile sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda Arc GIS yazılımı kullanılarak Türkiye’nin akaryakıt dağıtım ağları oluşturulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tehlikeli maddeler, çok modlu taşımacılık, öncelikli hedef programlama

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