Afife Afife GÜVENÇ GÜVENÇ, Özlem AYDOĞAN, Ülkü MEHMETOĞLU, Nurcan KAPUCU

Fuzel yağından izoamil asetat üretimi

Fermentasyonla üretilen etanolün damıtma ile ayırılması sonucunda yan ürün olarak elde edilen fuzel yağı, bazı değerli alkolleri içermektedir. Bu düşük molekül ağırlıklı alkoller ve bunların asetat esterleri endüstride kullanılan önemli bileşenlerdir. Özellikle, izoamil asetat tat ve koku bileşeni olarak, gıda, ilaç ve kozmetik endüstrilerinde katkı maddesi olarak ekonomik değere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde etkin olarak değerlendirilemeyen bir yan ürün olan fuzel yağı kullanılarak kuvvetli muz kokusuna sahip olan izoamil asetatın üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada önce, fuzel yağının damıtılmasıyla i-amil alkol elde edilmiş; sonra bu alkolün asetik asitle lipaz katalizörlüğünde çözücüsüz ortamda esterleşmesiyle izoamil asetat üretilmiştir. Alkol ve ester derişimleri Gaz Kromatografi (GC) ile analizlenmiştir. Fuzel yağının iki kez damıtılmasıyla elde edilen i-amil alkolün kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, literatürdeki bulgularla karşılaştırıldığında, yaklaşık aynı dönüşüm (% 82) ile 2.5 kat daha yüksek (380 g/L) ester derişimine ulaşılmıştır.

Production of isoamyl acetate from fusel oil

Fusel oil, which is obtained as a by-product of ethanol fermentation is separated by distillation, contains some valuable alcohols. These low molecular weight alcohols and their acetate esters are important compounds used in industry. Especially, isoamyl acetate has economical value as a flavour and fragrance compound in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as an additive. In this study, the production of isoamyl acetate which has strong banana flavour was carried out using fusel oil which is a by-product that is not able to recycle efficiently in our country. Firstly, i-amyl alcohol was obtained by distillation of fusel oil. Then, isoamyl acetate was produced by lipase-catalyzed esterification of this alcohol with acetic acid in solvent free system. Concentrations of ester and alcohols were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC). In this study, i-amyl alcohol was obtained by twice distillation of fusel oil and resulted in same conversion (82 %) but 2.5 times higher ester concentration (380 g/L) than those stated in the literature.

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