Timuçin HARPUTLUGİL, Gülsu HARPUTLUGİL ULUKAVAK

Çevresel konfor ve enerji tasarrufu bağlamında konut kullanıcıları davranış profilleri üzerine bir araştırma

Kullanıcıların binanın enerji dengesine içsel ısı kazancı olarak pasif anlamda doğrudan katkıları vardır. Bunun yanında, pencere açıp kapatarak, termostat veya radyatör ayarlarını değiştirerek, yapay aydınlatma sistemini devreye sokarak enerji tüketiminde aktif rol üstlenmektedirler. Ayrıca, mevcut binalarda kullanıcı, malzeme, bileşen veya sistem değişikliği yaparak müdahalelerde bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, konut kullanıcı davranışının enerji tüketimi üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya çıkarılabilmesine yönelik yapılmış olan bir anket çalışmasının değerlendirmesini içermektedir. Dört farklı iklim bölgesinde yer alan konut kullanıcıları ile yapılan yüz yüze görüşme yöntemine dayalı anket ile iki temel konu hedeflenmiştir. Bunlardan ilki konut kullanıcılarının enerji tüketimini de etkileyecek düzeydeki davranışlarının neler olduğunu ortaya çıkarmak, ikincisi ise genel çerçevede konut kullanıcılarının enerji tüketimi ve konfor düzeyine ilişkin algılarını sorgulamaktır. Görüşmeler sonucunda, kullanıcıların enerji tüketimini etkileyecek düzeydeki en belirgin davranışının havalandırma amaçlı pencere açıp/kapatma olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapay aydınlatma seçiminde, önemli bir bilinçlenmenin olduğu ve büyük bir oranda (%92,9) enerji tasarruflu ampul kullanıldığı belirlenmiş olup, enerji tüketimine karşı hassasiyet ve konfor memnuniyetinin eğitim seviyesi yükseldikçe arttığı ortaya çıkmıştır

A research on occupant behaviour pattern of dwellings in the context of environmental comfort and energy saving

Occupants make a passive contribution to the building energy balance by their very presence; they also can have an active role through activities like opening windows, changing thermostat set points, tuning radiator switches or lighting switches, etc. Furthermore, in existing buildings, occupants also play a role in decisions regarding any interventions in the fabric and systems, especially where occupants own the building. In this paper, an evaluation of the survey results applied to occupants of dwellings in order to reveal effects of occupant behavior on energy consumption. The survey was applied to occupants of dwellings presented in four different climatic zones. There are two main issues aimed in the survey. Firstly, it is aimed to find out behavior patterns which are mostly effective on energy consumption. The other aim is to query the perception of occupants on comfort conditions and energy saving potential. The results of the survey showed that dominant occupant behavior which have an effect on energy consumption very significantly is opening/closing window. A major amount of occupant is aware of saving electricity; thus %92.9 of occupants prefer energy saving lamps for artificial lighting. Another essential result of survey is, in a general manner, sensitivity on energy consumption and satisfaction of comfort are increasing by education level increases.

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