Mehmet BAYRAK, Ahmet KÜÇÜKER, Eric NDUWAYEZU

Rüzgar türbinlerinde mekanik dengesizlik arızalarının elektriksel ölçümlerden tespit edilmesi

Hava kirliliğine olan etkisinin yok denecek kadar az olması nedeniyle dünyada yeni elektrik enerjisi üretimi kaynaklarından rüzgar enerjisi en hızlı gelişen kaynak çeşidi olmuştur. Rüzgar türbinlerinin kapasitelerinin artması sonucunda işletme sırasında ortaya çıkan arızalardaki bakım maliyetlerini ve durma zamanlarını azaltmak, türbinlerin güvenilirliği ile performansını artırmak amacıyla bir izleme sisteminin kullanılması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Arızanın giderilmesi ve ulaşım zorluğundan dolayı kıyıdan uzak türbinlerde bakım masrafları ile durma zamanları daha yüksek olmaktadır. Rüzgar türbinlerinin durum izleme sistemlerinde titreşim verileri ile yağ analizi verileri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistemlerin kuruluş maliyetlerinin yüksek olmasının yanında, durum izleme sistemlerinde oluşan sorunlara bu yöntemler tam olarak çözüm sunamamaktadır. Ayrıca, geliştirilen bu arıza tespit sistemleri türbine bağlı generatörler ile şebekede oluşabilecek anormal çalışma durumları ve arızaları algılayamamaktadır. Rüzgar türbini izleme sistemlerindeki bu tür sorunları azaltmak için bu çalışmada elektriksel ölçümlere dayanan ve mekanik dengesizlik durumlarını algılayan yeni bir algoritma geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen durum izleme sistemi üç fazlı akım ve gerilim verilerini kullanarak generatör çıkış ani gücünü hesaplamaktadır. Mekanik dengesizlik durumunda generatörün kutup sayısına bağlı olarak çıkış ani gücünde ilave frekans bileşenleri ortaya çıkmakta olup, bu da geliştirilen algoritmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır

Detection of mechanical unbalanced faults in wind turbines by using electrical measurements

Wind power generation is the fastest growing energy source among the new power generation sources in the world because of less atmospheric pollution. The increasing production capacity needs online condition monitoring system to improve wind turbine reliability and performance and reduce wind turbine downtime, operating and maintenance costs. Maintenance cost and downtime period of offshore wind turbines is getting higher because of remote location and difficult to access for fault repair. Vibration measurement and lubrication oil analysis are used in wind turbine condition monitoring systems. However, initial cost of these systems are higher and they do not provide a complete solution to the wind turbine condition monitoring system problem. They also can not detect electrical faults and abnormal condition occuring in the wind turbine generator and electrical systems. To reduce wind turbine monitoring system problem, a new mechanical unbalance detection algorithm based on electrical parameter measurement has been introduced in this study. The proposed condition monitoring system measures three phase current and voltage measurement and calculates instantaneous generator output power. In the mechanical unbalanced condition additional frequence components, which is the basis of the proposed algorithm, according to the generator pole number appear in the instantaneous power.

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