Asenkron motorlarda eşzamanlı kırık rotor çubukları ve statik eksenel kaçıklık arızalarının stator akımı ve titreşim sinyalleri analizi ile tespiti

Asenkron motorların endüstriyel üretim süreçlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılması, bu motorların arıza tespitlerinin doğru ve eksiksiz olarak yapılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Kırık rotor çubukları ve eksenel kaçıklık arızaları asenkron motorlarda karşılaşılan arıza tiplerindendir. Bu iki arızanın aynı anda oluşması işletme ortamında sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir durumdur. Böyle anlarda, bu arızalara ait harmonik bileşenlerin net bir şekilde tespit edilebilmesi, planlanmamış işletme duruşlarının önlenmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu bileşenlerin tespitinde karşılaşılan önemli sorunların başında başka sinyaller (gürültü, baskın harmonik bileşenler vb.) içerisinde gizlenen düşük genlikli harmonik bileşenler gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, eksenel kaçıklık ve kırık rotor çubuklarından oluşan çoklu arıza durumu incelenmiştir. Motorun akım ve titreşim sinyalleri dört farklı yük kademesinde (%25, %50, %75, %100) kaydedilerek, Hilbert zarf analizi yöntemi ile sinyal analizleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda karakteristik frekanslar ve bu bileşenlere ait genlikler zarf spektrumunda başarılı bir şekilde görüntülenebilmektedir. Grafiksel ve tablo formunda verilen sonuçlar, önerilen yöntemin aynı anda oluşan kırık rotor çubuğu ve eksenel kaçıklık arızalarının tespitinde kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

çoklu arıza, Hilbert zarf analizi, karakteristik frekanslar

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