M. Burak BULUTTEKİN

1724

The classification of financial system in Istanbul in the eighteenth-century by Istanbul ahkam registers (1750-1780)

18.yüzyılda İstanbul’daki finansal sistemi değerlendirme amacındaki bu çalışma, 1750-1780 yılları arasındaki döneme ait İstanbul Ahkâm Defterleri’nin tasnifine yöneliktir. Ahkâm defterlerinde yer alan kayıtlardaki hükümleri tasnif edebilmek için; (a)defter numaraları, (b)başvuru yerleri, (c)ihtilaf konuları, (d) ihtilafın taraflarının sosyal konumları, (e)ihtilafın taraflarının dinleri ve (f)başvuru yılları, temel analiz değişkenleri olarak seçilmiştir. Her bir hüküm, bu sistematiğe göre -öncelikle kendi içlerinde ve daha sonra da genel analize tabi tutularak- incelenmiştir. İstanbul Ahkâm Defterleri Kayıtları’nda, Mart 1750-Temmuz 1779 tarihleri arasındaki dönemde, sosyal hayat ile ilgili olarak 394 tane hüküm tespit edilmiştir. 3-9 arasında yer alan ilgili Ahkâm defterindeki bu hükümlerden, en fazla kaydın 9 numaralı defterde(%26,4) yer aldığı görülmüştür. İstanbul’da yaşanan toplumsal sorunların, yoğunluklu olarak “sözleşmelerden doğan borç alacak ihtilafları”(%55,6) ve “vergi ihtilafları”(%24,1) konularıyla ilgili oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte en fazla toplumsal sorun, Haslar(%28,9) bölgesinde yaşanmıştır. Yine, Suriçi kazasında sıklıkla “vergi muafiyeti”(29 karar); Galata, Haslar ile Üsküdar kazalarında yoğunlukla “adi borç alacak ihtilafı”(sırasıyla 37, 29 ve 25 karar) konularına ilişkin sorunlar yaşanmıştır. 18.yüzyılda İstanbul’daki toplumsal sorunların, çoğunlukla yönetilenler(reaya) arasında yaşandığı belirlenmiştir. Hem müracaat eden ve hem de şikayet edilen taraflar, çoğunlukla şehir merkezinde yaşayan Müslüman yönetilen reayadan müteşekkildir. İncelenen dönemdeki sorunların %31,2’sinin, 1775-1779 yılları arasındaki dönemde yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir.

İstanbul ahkâm defterleri’ne göre 18. yüzyılda İstanbul’daki finansal sistemin tasnifi (1750-1780)

This study, which aims to evaluate the financial system of Istanbul in the 18th century, is based on the classification of Istanbul Ahkâm Registers in the period of 1750-1780. In order to classify the provisions of Ahkâm Registers; (a)registry(book) numbers, (b)application areas, (c)conflict issues, (d)the social position of the litigants, (e)the religion of the litigants, and (f)application years were chosen as the basic analysis variables. Each judgement, which were based on this systematic, were examined in themselves. 394 provisions of the financial system were determined in Istanbul Ahkâm Registers in the period of March 1750-July 1779. The analysis of this Ahkâm Books(between 3-9 books), the maximum provisions were found with 9th part (26.4%) of them. The most problems of the financial system of Istanbul were “debit and credit disputes founded on contract”(55.6%) and “tax dispute”(24.1%). Moreover, the most financial problems occurred in Haslar(28.9%) region. Also, the most social problem in Surici was “tax exemption”(29 cases); in Galata, Uskudar and Haslar was “ordinary debit and credit dispute”(respectively 37, 29 and 25 cases). The financial problems of Istanbul in the 18th century occurred between the reaya. Both the applicants and the complainees were intensity composed by the Muslims reaya which were dwelling in centrum. It was determined that 31.2% of this financial problems occured in the period of 1775-1779.
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  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.387, p.127, October 1764.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.412, p.137, November 1764.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.430, p.143, November 1764.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.481, p.158, January 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.483, p.159, January 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.494, p.162, January 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.608, p.198, January 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.682, p.225, August 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.694, p.228, August 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.695, p.230, August 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.729, p.240, September 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.738, p.243, September 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.764, p.249, October 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.805, p.262, December 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.825, p.269, December 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.827, p.269, December 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.842, p.273, December 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.849, p.275, December 1765.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.858, p.278, January 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.861, p.279, January 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.887, p.287, February 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.935, p.301, April 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.953, p.307, April 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1001, p.321, June 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1033, p.331, July 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1070, p.344, August 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1071, p.344, August 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1074, p.345, August 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1090, p.349, September 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1091, p.350, August 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1121, p.360, September 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1125, p.362, September 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1132, p.364, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1136, p.365, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1137, p.365, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1138, p.366, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1143, p.367, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1155, p.371, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1156, p.371, October 1766.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1213, p.388, January 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1218, p.390, January 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.7, c.1224, p.391, January 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.4, p.2, January 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.25, p.8, March 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.88, p.28, June 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.99, p.31, June 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.104, p.33, June 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.131, p.42, July 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.237, p.74, December 1767.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.263, p.84, January 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.320, p.102, April 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.331, p.106, May 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.361, p.118, June 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.396, p.129, July 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.397, p.129, July 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.429, p.140, November 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.500, p.157, August 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.502, p.158, August 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.514, p.162, November 1768.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.534, p.168, January 1769.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.543, p.170, January 1769.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.578, p.181, April 1769.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.598, p.185, March 1770.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.599, p.186, April 1770.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.662, p.202, October 1774.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.690, p.212, December 1774.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.706, p.217, January 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.707, p.217, January 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.763, p.235, February 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.783, p.241, March 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.787, p.242, March 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.793, p.243, March 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.801, p.246, April 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.827, p.252, April 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.991, p.303, August 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1011, p.309, August 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1014, p.310, August 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1050, p.322, September 1775.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1180, p.360, March 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1189, p.362, March 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1214, p.373, March 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1215, p.373, March 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1271, p.391, April 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.8, c.1272, p.391, April 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.42, p.10, May 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.50, p.12, May 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.100, p.23, June 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.133, p.34, July 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.141, p.36, July 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.151, p.39, July 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.154, p.40, August 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.166, p.43, August 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.169, p.44, August 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.207, p.56, September 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.211, p.57, September 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.223, p.62, September 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.238, p.66, October 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.276, p.75, November 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.281, p.77, November 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.296, p.81, December 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.298, p.82, December 1776.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.333, p.92, January 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.335, p.93, January 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.337, p.93, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.344, p.95, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.375, p.104, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.376, p.104, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.377, p.104, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.378, p.104, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.382, p.106, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.387, p.107, February 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.395, p.109, March 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.396, p.110, March 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.401, p.111, March 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.411, p.114, March 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.422, p.117, March 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.446, p.124, April 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.464, p.128, May 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.470, p.130, April 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.497, p.137, June 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.502, p.138, June 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.508, p.139, June 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.520, p.142, June 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.522, p.143, June 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.527, p.144, July 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.545, p.148, July 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.561, p.151, July 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.563, p.152, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.574, p.156, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.596, p.161, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.603, p.162, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.607, p.163, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.609, p.164, August 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.617, p.165, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.6, c.618, p.165, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.636, p.170, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.640, p.172, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.641, p.173, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.642, p.173, September 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.653, p.176, October 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.663, p.179, October 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.669, p.181, October 1777.
  • Burak BULUTTEKİN
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.688, p.187, November 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.692, p.188, November 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.697, p.189, November 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.724, p.196, November 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.737, p.199, December 1777.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.789, p.210, January 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.797, p.213, January 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.805, p.215, January 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.809, p.216, January 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.842, p.219, February 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.854, p.223, March 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.856, p.223, March 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.862, p.225, March 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.880, p.230, March 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.890, p.233, March 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.900, p.234, April 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.914, p.238, April 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.926, p.242, April 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.965, p.255, May 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1016, p.272, July 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1025, p.274, July 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1032, p.276, July 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1049, p.281, August 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1064, p.287, September 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1069, p.289, September 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1072, p.289, September 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1074, p.290, September 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1079, p.291, September 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1119, p.302, November 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1127, p.304, November 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1134, p.306, November 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1153, p.311, December 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1163, p.315, December 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1166, p.316, December 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1174, p.319, December 1778.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1182, p.322, January 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1210, p.332, February 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1213, p.333, February 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1214, p.333, February 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1241, p.340, March 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1270, p.347, April 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1297, p.353, May 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1308, p.355, May 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1326, p.360, May 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1330, p.361, June 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1331, p.361, July 1779.
  • BOA, A.DVNP.AHK.IS.d.9, c.1137, p.362, July 1779.
Gazi Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1302-0013
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 5 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: Günay KANDEMİR, Kemal ERDOĞAN
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

The classification of financial system in Istanbul in the eighteenth-century by Istanbul ahkam registers (1750-1780)

M. Burak BULUTTEKİN

Avrupa birliğinde çekilme hakkı: sonun başlangıcı mı?

A. Aslı BİLGİN

Ronald Dworkın’ın hukuk teorisi ışığında yargıçların rolü

M. Balkan DEMİRDAL

The reform of the European court of human rights: additional protocols no. 15 and 16

Serhat ALTINKÖK

AB'nin çalışma usulleri hakkındaki sözleşmesinin 263.madde 4.fıkrasında öngörülen tüzük karakterli tasarrufların bireysel hakların korunmasına katkısı

A. Füsun ARSAVA