Hiper Dubleks Paslanmaz Çelikler ve Kaynaklanabilirliği

Ferrit ve östenit fazını yüksek yoğunluklarda içerisinde bulunduran dubleks paslanmaz çelik sınıfının en gelişmiş ürünleri olan hiper dubleks paslanmaz çelikler (HDSS), maliyeti ve üretim süreci kompleksliği nedeniyle henüz oldukça niş ve kısıtlı kullanım alanına sahiptir. Ancak gelişen teknoloji ve çeşitlenen ihtiyaçlar dâhilinde kullanım alanlarının genişlemesi ve kullanımının yaygınlaşması beklenmektedir. Oldukça yeni olan bu ürün grubunun kullanımının yaygınlaşması işlenebilirlik ve kaynaklanabilirlik özelliklerine de bağlıdır. Füzyon kaynak yöntemleri, malzemenin termal geçmişini ve dolayısıyla dubleks paslanmaz çelik özelinde α/γ dengesini değiştirebilmektedir. Bu yüzden düşük ısı girdisi ile bazı ark kaynakları ile beraber sürtünme karıştırma kaynak yöntemi de hiper dubleks paslanmaz çeliklerin birleştirilmesinde uygulanan yöntemlerdir. Sunulan bu çalışmada hiper dubleks paslanmaz çelikler tanıtılarak üretim yöntemleri, kullanım alanları ve avantajlarına değinilmiş, uygun kaynak yöntemleri ve kaynaklanabilirliği hakkında bilgiler verilerek önceden yapılmış çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hiper dubleks paslanmaz çelik, kaynak, ferrit, östenit., Hyper duplex stainless steels, welding, ferrite, austenite.

Hyper Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Weldability

Hyper duplex stainless steels (HDSS), which are the most advanced products of the duplex stainless steel class, containing ferrite and austenite phases in high densities, still have a very niche and limited application area due to their cost and production process complexity. However, it is expected that the application areas will expand and its field of use will become widespread within the scope of developing technology and diversifying needs. The widespread use of this fairly new product group also depends on its machinability and weldability properties. Fusion welding methods can change the thermal history of the material and therefore the α/γ balance in duplex stainless steel. Therefore, friction stir welding method along with some arc welding with low heat input are the methods applied for joining hyper duplex stainless steels. In this study, hyper duplex stainless steels are introduced, their production methods, fields of use, and advantages are mentioned, and previous studies are evaluated by giving information about suitable welding methods and weldability.

Keywords:

Hiper dubleks paslanmaz çelik, kaynak, ferrit, östenit., Hyper duplex stainless steels, welding, ferrite, austenite.,

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