___

• 1. Yıldız S, Çetinkaya F. Yetişkinlerde Obezite ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi. Ahi Evran Med J. 2020;3(2):29–34.
• 2. Obesity and overweight [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jan 3]. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight September 21, 2020.
• 3. Tam CS, Xie W, Johnson WD, Cefalu WT, Redman LM, Ravussin E. Defining insulin resistance from hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(7):1605–10.
• 4. Savaş HB, Gültekin F. İnsülin Direnci ve Klinik Önemi. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg. 2017;24(3):116–25.
• 5. Bozkuş Y, Mousa U, Kırnap N, İyidir ÖT, Ramazanova L, Nar A, ve ark. Kadınlarda metabolik sendromun alternatif prediktörleri. Pam Tıp Derg. 2020;13(2):341–9.
• 6. Hacışevki A, Berberoğlu HT. Activation of inflammatory signalling pathways in metabolic syndrome:Changes in Adipokines. In: Yücel D, editor. Current Biochemical Studies. Akademisyen Publisher, 2020. pp:15–36.
• 7. Önal S. Egzersiz Hormonu : İrisin. Editör: Karaduman A, Ülger Ö, Vardar Yağlı, N, Kılınç Muhammed, Serel Arslan S. Fizyoterapistler ve Öğrenciler için e-kitap. H.Ü.S.B.F. Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü Yayını. 2017. s: 34–41.
• 8. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature. 2012;481(7382):463–8.
• 9. Grygiel-Górniak B, Puszczewicz M. A review on irisin, a new protagonist that mediates muscle-adipose-bone-neuron connectivity. Eur Rev for Med Pharmacol Sci. 2017;21(20):4687–93.
• 10. Aslan NN, Yardımcı H. Obezite Üzerine Etkili Yeni Bir Hormon: İrisin. GÜSBD 2017;6(3):176–83.
• 11. Gülmez C, Atakişi O. Yeni Hormonlar: R-Spondin-1, Nesfatin-1 ve İrisin. Cjoscience. 2019;6(1):37–50.
• 12. Arhire LI, Mihalache L, Covasa M. Irisin : A Hope in Understanding and Managing Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10(524):1–12.
• 13. Korta P, Pocheć E, Mazur-Biały A. Irisin as a multifunctional protein: Implications for health and certain diseases. Medicina (Lithuania). 2019;55(8):1–14.
• 14. Aydin S. Three new players in energy regulation: Preptin, adropin and irisin. Vol. 56, Peptides. Elsevier Inc.; 2014. p. 94–110.
• 15. Irving BA, Still CD, Argyropoulos G. Does IRISIN Have a BRITE Future as a Therapeutic Agent in Humans? Curr. Obes. Rep. 2014;3(2):235–41.
• 16. Tabak O, Simsek G, Erdenen F, Sozer V, Hasoglu T, Gelisgen R, ve ark. The relationship between circulating irisin, retinol binding protein-4, adiponectin and inflammatory mediators in patients with metabolic syndrome. Arch Endocrin Metab. 2017;61(6):515–23.
• 17. Tang L, Tong Y, Zhang F, Chen G, Zhang YC, Jobin J, et al. The association of circulating irisin with metabolic risk factors in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional community-based study. BMC Endocr. Disord. 2019;19(1):1–6.
• 18. İnci A, Ünübol Aypak S. İrisin ve Metabolik Etkileri. Turkiye Klinikleri Endocrin. 2016;11(1):15–21.
• 19. Castillo-Quan JI. From white to brown fat through the PGC-1α-dependent myokine irisin: Implications for diabetes and obesity. Dis Model Mech. 2012;5(3):293–5.
• 20. Bakan S, Acar Tek N. Enerji Harcamasının Düzenlenmesinde Hormonların Etkileri. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg. 2018;9(3):207–12.
• 21. Munoz IYM, Del Socorro Camarillo Romero E, De Jesus Garduno Garcia J. Irisin a novel metabolic biomarker: Present knowledge and future directions. Int. J. Endocrinol. 2018;2018(7816806):1–8.
• 22. Gizaw M, Anandakumar P, Debela T. A review on the role of irisin in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Pharmacopuncture. 2017;20(4):235–42.
• 23. Choi Y, Kim M, Bae K, Seo H, Jeong J, Lee W, et al. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013;100(1):96–101.
• 24. Mazur-Bialy AI, Bilski J, Pochec E, Brzozowski T. New insight into the direct anti-inflammatory activity of a myokine irisin against proinflammatory activation of adipocytes. Implication for exercise in obesity. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017;68(2):243–51.
• 25. Maffei M, Halaas J, Ravussin E, Pratley RE, Lee GH, Zhang Y, et al. Leptin levels in human and rodent: Measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nat Med. 1995;1(11):1155–61.
• 26. Choi CHJ, Cohen P. Adipose crosstalk with other cell types in health and disease. Exp Cell Res. 2017;360(1):6–11.
• 27. Moreno-navarrete M, Ortega F, Serrano M, Guerra E, Pardo G, Tinahones F, et al. Irisin Is Expressed and Produced by Human Muscle and Adipose Tissue in Association With Obesity and Insulin Resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(4):E769-78.
• 28. Liu B-W, Yin F-Z, Qi X-M, Fan D-M, Zhang Y. The Levels of Serum Irisin as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Han Chinese Adults with Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Clin Lab. 2017;63(05+06/2017):881–6.
• 29. Moreno M, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Serrano M, Ortega F, Delgado E, Sanchez-Ragnarsson C, et al. Circulating irisin levels are positively associated with metabolic risk factors in sedentary subjects. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(4):e0124100.
• 30. Stengel A, Hofmann T, Goebel-Stengel M, Elbelt U, Kobelt P, Klapp BF. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity-Correlation with body mass index. Peptides. 2013;39:125–30.
• 31. Pardo M, Crujeiras AB, Amil M, Aguera Z, Jiménez-Murcia S, Baños R, et al. Association of irisin with fat mass, resting energy expenditure, and daily activity in conditions of extreme body mass index. Int J Endocrinol. 2014;2014:857270.
• 32. Perakakis N, Triantafyllou GA, Fernández-Real JM, Huh JY, Park KH, Seufert J, et al. Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017 Jun;13(6):324-337.
• 33. Park KH, Zaichenko L, Brinkoetter M, Thakkar B, Sahin-Efe A, Joung KE, et al. Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(12):4899–907.
• 34. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metab.: Clin. Exp. 2012;61(12):1725–38.
• 35. Shi X, Lin M, Liu C, Xiao F, Liu Y, Huang P, et al. Elevated circulating irisin is associated with lower risk of insulin resistance: Association and path analyses of obese Chinese adults. BMC Endocr Disord. 2016;16(1):44.
• 36. Huh JY, Dincer F, Mesfum E, Mantzoros CS. Irisin stimulates muscle growth-related genes and regulates adipocyte differentiation and metabolism in humans. Int J Obes. 2014;38(12):1538–44.
• 37. Young Huh J, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism. 2012;61(12):1725–38.
• 38. Swick AG. Irisin, a novel myokine: Potential role in obesity and diabetes. Heart Metab. 2013;61:39–40.
• 39. Liu JJ, Wong MDS, Toy WC, Tan CSH, Liu S, Ng XW, et al. Lower circulating irisin is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications. 2013 Jul;27(4):365–9.
• 40. Yuksel MA, Oncul M, Tuten A, Imamoglu M, Acikgoz AS, Kucur M, ve ark. Maternal serum and fetal cord blood irisin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;104(1):171–5.
• 41. Yan B, Shi X, Zhang H, Pan L, Ma Z, Liu S, et al. Association of serum irisin with metabolic syndrome in obese chinese adults. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(4):e94235.
• 42. Shoukry A, Shalaby SM, El-Arabi Bdeer S, Mahmoud AA, Mousa MM, Khalifa A. Circulating serum irisin levels in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. IUBMB Life. 2016;68(7):544–56.
• 43. Sesti G, Andreozzi F, Fiorentino TV, Mannino GC, Sciacqua A, Marini MA, et al. High circulating irisin levels are associated with insulin resistance and vascular atherosclerosis in a cohort of nondiabetic adult subjects. Acta Diabetol. 2014;51(5):705–13.
• 44. Lopez-Legarrea P, De La Iglesia R, Crujeiras AB, Pardo M, Casanueva FF, Zulet MA, et al. Higher baseline irisin concentrations are associated with greater reductions in glycemia and insulinemia after weight loss in obese subjects. Nutr. Diabetes. 2014;4(2):e110.
• 45. Reinehr T, Elfers C, Lass N, Roth CL. Irisin and its relation to insulin resistance and puberty in obese children: A longitudinal analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(5):2123–30.
• 46. Shim YS, Kang MJ, Yang S, Hwang IT. Irisin is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children. Endocr J. 2018;65(1):23–31.
• 47. Gonzalez-Gil AM, Peschard-Franco M, Castillo EC, Gutierrez-Delbosque G, Treviño V, Silva-Platas C, et al. Myokine-adipokine cross-talk: Potential mechanisms for the association between plasma irisin and adipokines and cardiometabolic risk factors in Mexican children with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2019;11(1):1–16.
• 48. Yan B, Shi X, Zhang H, Pan L, Ma Z, Liu S, et al. Association of Serum Irisin with Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Chinese Adults. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(4):e94235.
• 49. Al-Daghri NM, Alkharfy KM, Rahman S, Amer OE, Vinodson B, Sabico S, et al. Irisin as a predictor of glucose metabolism in children: Sexually dimorphic effects. Eur J Clin Invest. 2014;44(2):119–24.
• 50. Oelmann S, Nauck M, Völzke H, Bahls M, Friedrich N. Circulating irisin concentrations are associated with a favourable lipid profile in the general population. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(4):e0154319.
• 51. Buscemi S, Corleo D, Vasto S, Buscemi C, Massenti MF, Nuzzo D, et al. Factors associated with circulating concentrations of irisin in the general population cohort of the ABCD study. Int J Obes. 2018;42(3):398–404.
• 52. de la Iglesia R, Lopez-Legarrea P, Crujeiras AB, Pardo M, Casanueva FF, Zulet MA, et al. Plasma irisin depletion under energy restriction is associated with improvements in lipid profile in metabolic syndrome patients. Clin Endocrinol. 2014 Aug 1;81(2):306–11.