Maternal and perinatal outcomes of acute pancreatitis during pregnancy

Amaç: Kliniğimizin on yıllık deneyimini gözden geçirerek akut pankreatit nedeniyle gelişen maternal ve perinatal morbidite ve mortaliteyi araştırmayı amaçladık.Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, Ocak 2003-Temmuz 2012 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize başvurmuş olan ve pankreatit tanısı alan tüm gebelerin dosyası incelendi.Bulgular: Belirtilen süre zarfında akut pankreatit 1/1451 sıklıkla toplam 14 gebede görüldü. Hastalığın başladığı ve doğumun gerçekleştiği ortalama gestasyonel hafta sırasıyla 31.4±4.9 ve 35.5±3.2 idi. Pankreatitin nedeni olguların %50’sinde (7/14) safra taşı, %28.5’inde (4/14) hipertrigliseridemiydi. Geri kalan üç olguda ise etiyoloji hiperkalse- mi, preeklampsi ve idiyopatikti. Olguların %57.2’si (8/14) hafif pankreatit olarak sınıflandırıldı. Maternal ölüm iki olguda gerçekleşti (%14.2) ve bu olgularda pankreatitin etiyolojisi hiperparatiroidizme sekonder hiperkalsemi ve preeklampsiydi. Preterm doğumun sıklığı %61.5 idi. Hafif pankreatit olgularında doğumların yarısından çoğu (4/7) 37. gebelik haftasından sonra gerçekleşirken, ağır pankreatit olgularının hemen hepsinde (5/6) prematür doğum meydana geldi. Olguların çoğunda preterm doğumun nedeni spontan preterm eylem ve fetal distres idi. Fetal veya neonatal ölüm meydana gelmedi.Sonuç: Bu çalışma, şiddetli ve özellikle hiperkalsemi ve preeklampsiye sekonder gelişen pankreatitin progresif ve fulminan seyrini vurgulamaktadır. Akut pankreatit olguların büyük çoğunluğunda, hastalığın şiddetiyle ilişkili ola- rak ortaya çıkan fetal distres ve prematür uterin kontraksiyonlar nedeniyle preterm doğuma yol açmaktadır.

Gebelikte görülen akut pankreatitin maternal ve perinatal sonuçları

Objective: To investigate the maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity due to acute pancreatitis during pregnancy by reviewing our experience over a ten-year period.Methods: In this retrospective study, hospital charts were reviewed for every pregnant women with pancreatitis who was admitted between January 2003 and July 2012.Results: A total of 14 women had acute pancreatitis within this period with a frequency of 1 in 1451 births, and 57.2% of cases were classified as mild pancreatitis. Two maternal deaths occurred (14.2%) and the etiology of pan- creatitis in these cases was hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism and PIH. The frequency of preterm delivery was 61.5%. In the mild pancreatitis group, more than half of the deliveries (4/7) occurred beyond 37 weeks, while almost all deliveries (5/6) occurred prematurely in the severe pancreatitis group. The cause of preterm delivery was spontaneous preterm labor and fetal distress in most of the cases. No fetal or neonatal deaths were observed.Conclusion: This study emphasizes the progressive and fulminant course in severe disease, especially in hyper- calcemia and PIH induced pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis causes preterm delivery in most of the cases, which is a result of fetal compromise and premature uterine contractions associated with the severity of the disease.

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