İzolatörlerde Buzlanmanın Yüzeysel Kaçak Akımlar Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Dünya nüfusunun artmasıyla birlikte enerji üretimi ve dağıtımının önemi de artmaktadır. Elektrik iletim ve dağıtım hatlarının güvenirliği ve sürekliliğinde en etkin rol oynayan elemanlardan biri izolatörlerdir. İzolatörlerden kaynaklanan arızalar güç sistemi arızalarının en yüksek oranını oluşturmaktadır. Buzlanma ve sonrasında oluşan izolatör arızaları, yoğun kış koşullarının gerçekleştiği bölgelerde izolatör yüzeyinde atlamalara neden olarak elektrik kesintilerine ve büyük sosyoekonomik sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Sızıntı akımları buzla kaplı izolatörlerin yüzey özellikleriyle doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada farklı malzemelerden yapılmış izolatörler laboratuvar ortamında buzlandırılmış ve buzlanma derecelerine göre izolatörlere şebeke frekanslı alternatif gerilim uygulanarak sızıntı akımları incelenmiştir. LabVIEW programı yardımıyla veriler elde edilmiş ve porselen, cam ve silikon izolatörlerin sızıntı akımları karşılaştırılmıştır. İzolatörün bulunduğu ortam sıcaklığı ve nem değerleri ölçülerek, bu değerlerle sızıntı akımları arasında ilişkiler belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İzolatör, Buzlanma, Sızıntı akımı, LabVIEW

Investigation of the Effect of Icing on Insulators on Surface Leakage Currents

With the increasing world population, energy production and distribution has a very important place today. Insulators are one of the elements that play the most active role in the reliability and continuity of electrical transmission and distribution lines. Faults from insulators account for the highest rate of power system failures. Icing and subsequent insulator failures cause flashover on the insulator surface in areas where intense winter conditions occur, leading to power outages and major socioeconomic consequences. Leakage currents are directly related to the surface properties of ice-coated insulators. In this study, the surface of insulators made of different materials were iced in a laboratory environment and leakage currents were studied by applying an alternating voltage with a network frequency to the insulators according to the degree of icing. Data were obtained with the help of LabVIEW program and leakage currents of porcelain, glass and silicon insulators were compared. The relationship between the leakage current was established by measuring the ambient temperature and humidity values of the insulator.

Keywords:

Insulator, Icing, Leakage current, LabVIEW,

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