PLASMA AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID HOMOCYSTEINE, NITRIC OXIDE AND MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE: POSSIBLE ROLE OF FREE RADICALS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN INJURY

-
Anahtar Kelimeler:

-

PLASMA AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID HOMOCYSTEINE, NITRIC OXIDE AND MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE: POSSIBLE ROLE OF FREE RADICALS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN INJURY

Aim: Free radical mechanisms may play an important role in brain ischemia / reperfusion injury. The generation of reactive oxygen species by homocysteine (Hcy) or nitric oxide (NO) metabolism might be involved in the induction of lipid peroxidation, as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of Hcy, NO and MDA in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within 4 days after ischemic stroke onset. Methods: The levels of NO, Hcy and MDA were determined in plasma and CSF on the 3rd or 4thdays after the onset of ischemic stroke in 29 patients (12 men and 17 women) and in 13 healthy controls (6 men and 7 women) of comparable age and gender. Results: The plasma MDA, NO and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the stroke patients, while mean MDA, NO and Hcy levels in CSF showed a significant increase in the cases as compared to controls (p

___

  • De Freitas GR, Bogousslavsky J. Primary stroke prevention. Eur J Neurol 2001;8:1-15
  • Broderick J, Brott T, Kothari R, et al. The Greater Stroke Study: preliminary first-ever and total incidence rates of stroke among blacks. Stroke 1998;29:415–21 Kentucky hyperhomocysteinemia and
  • Thambyrajah J, Townend JN. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis — mechanisms for injury. Eur Heart J 2000;21:967–74
  • Rosengarten B, Osthaus S, Auch D, Kaps M. Effects of acute hyperhomocysteinemia on the neurovascular coupling mechanism in healthy young adults. Stroke 2003;34:446-51
  • Misra HP. Generation of superoxide free radical during the autooxidation of thiols. J Biol Chem 1974;249:2151–55
  • Jones BG, Rose FA, Tudball N. Lipid peroxidation and homocysteine induced toxicity. Atherosclerosis 1994;105:165–70
  • Faraci FM, Lentz SR. Hyperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress, and cerebral vascular dysfunction. Stroke 2004;35:345-47
  • Heinecke JW, Rosen H, Suzuki LA, Chait A. The role of sulfur-containing amino acids in superoxide production and modification of low-density lipoprotein by arterial smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 1987;262:10098-103
  • Teasdale G, Jenett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale. Lancet 1974;2:81–3
  • Jenett B, Bond M. Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage: a practical scale. Lancet 1975;1:480–4
  • Fiskerstrand T, Refsum H, Kvalheim G, Ueland PM. Homocysteine and other thiols in plasma and urine: automated determination and sample stability. Clin Chem 1993;39: 263–71
  • Slater TF: Overview of methods used for detecting lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzimol 1984;105:283-93
  • Moshage H, Kok B, Huizenga JR, Jansen PL. Nitrite and nitrate determinations in plasma: A critical evaluation. Clin Chem 1995;41: 892-96
  • Demirkaya S, Topcuoglu MA, Aydin A, Ulas UH, Isimer AI, Vural O. Malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in peripheral blood erythrocytes of patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Eur J Neurol 2001;8:43-8
  • Sharp PC, Mulholland C, Trinic KT. Ascorbate and malondialdehyde in stroke patients. Ir J Med Sci 1994;163:488–91
  • Selakovic VM, Jovanovic MD, Jovicic A. Changes of cortisol levels and index of lipid peroxidation in cerebrospinal fluid of patients in the acute phase of completed stroke. Vojno Pregl 2002;59:485-91
  • Watson BD. Evaluation of concomitance of lipid peroxidation in experimental models of cerebral ischemia and stroke. Prog Brain Res 1993;96:69–95
  • Halliwell B. Reactive oxygen species and the central nervous system. J Neurochem 1992; 59:1609-23
  • Hall ED, McCall JM, Means ED. Therapeutic potential of the lazaroids (21-aminosteroids) in acute central nervous system trauma, ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Adv Pharmacol 1994;28:221-67
  • Mattson MP, Culmsee C, Yu ZF. Apoptotic and antiapoptotic mechanisms in stroke. Cell Tissue Res 2000;301:173-87
  • Castillo J, Rama R, Dávalos A. Nitric Oxide– Related brain damage in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2000;31:852-58
  • Shankar R, Zhu J-S, Ladd B, Henry D, Shen H-Q, Baron AD. Central Nervous System Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Regulates Insulin Secretion and Insulin Action. J Clin Invest 1998;102:1403–12
  • Iadecola C. Bright and dark sides of nitric oxide in ischemic brain injury. Trends Neurosci 1997;20:132-9
  • Serot JM, Béné MC, Faure GC. CSF homocysteine, CSF folates and choroid plexus. Neurobiol Aging 2003;24:627-8
  • Jia L, Furchgott RF. Inhibition by sulphydryl compounds of vascular relaxation induced by nitric oxide and endothelium-derived relaxing factor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993;267:371-8
  • Lentz SR, Sobey CG, Piegors DJ, Bhopatkar MY, Faraci FM, Malinow MR, Heistad DD. Vascular dysfunction in monkeys with diet- induced hyperhomocysteinemia. J Clin Invest 1996;98:24-9
  • Zhang F, Slungaarg A, Vercellotti GM, Iadecola cerebrovascular effects of homocysteine. Am J Physiol 1998;274:1704–11
  • Howard VJ, Sides EG, Newman GC, Cohen SN, Howard G, Malinow MR, Toole JF. Changes in plasma homocysteine in the acute phase after stroke. Stroke 2002;33: 473–78
European Journal of General Medicine-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 2015
  • Yayıncı: Sağlık Bilimleri Araştırmaları Derneği