PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF Nd3+, Yb3+ CODOPED Ga2O3 NANOPARTICLES

PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF Nd3+, Yb3+ CODOPED Ga2O3 NANOPARTICLES

The availability of sensitive photon detectors and inexpensive lasers allowed us to explore more efficient fluorescent probes that will work in the second near-infrared optical window. In this study, the optical properties of Nd3+ and Yb3+ co-doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles were studied. In order to indicate the correlation between particle size, crystallinity, and optical property of present samples XRD, TEM, and Photoluminescence analyses were performed. Various excitation wavelengths and dopant concentrations were used to understand the energy transfer mechanism in Nd3+ and Yb3+ co-doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles. As the excitation wavelength increased from 325 nm to 477 and 515 nm, Yb3+ emission peak intensity decreased while Nd3+ emission peak intensity increased. This inverse relationship between the emission intensities of Yb3+ and Nd3+ ion showed the presence of energy transfer between them. The resulting emission peaks were broad and weak, indicating the presence of a non-radiative decay channel due to the crystal defects.

___

  • [1] Zhou J, Liu Z, Li F. Upconversion nanophosphors for small-animal imaging. Chem Soc Rev, 2012;41(3):1323-1349.
  • [2] Yu M, Li F, Chen Z, et al. Laser scanning up-conversion luminescence microscopy for imaging cells labeled with rare-earth nanophosphors. Anal Chem, 2009;81(3):930-935.
  • [3] Naccache R, Rodríguez EM, Bogdan N, et al. High resolution fluorescence imaging of cancers using lanthanide ion-doped upconverting nanocrystals. Cancers (Basel), 2012;4(4):1067-1105.
  • [4] Hong G, Antaris AL, Dai H. Near-infrared fluorophores for biomedical imaging. Nat Biomed Eng, 2017;1(1):0010.
  • [5] Wang C, Cheng L, Liu Z. Drug delivery with upconversion nanoparticles for multi-functional targeted cancer cell imaging and therapy. Biomaterials, 2011;32(4):1110-1120.
  • [6] Naczynski DJ, Tan MC, Zevon M, et al. Rare-earth-doped biological composites as in vivo shortwave infrared reporters. Nat Commun, 2013;4(1):2199.
  • [7] Smith AM, Mancini MC, Nie S. Second window for in vivo imaging. Nat Nanotechnol, 2009;4(11):710-711.
  • [8] Hong G, Lee JC, Robinson JT, et al. Multifunctional in vivo vascular imaging using near-infrared II fluorescence. Nat Med, 2012;18(12):1841-1846.
  • [9] Li Y, Zeng S, Hao J. Non-invasive optical guided tumor metastasis/vessel imaging by using lanthanide nanoprobe with enhanced down-shifting emission beyond 1500 nm. ACS Nano, 2019;13(1):248-259.
  • [10] Lim YT, Kim S, Nakayama A, Stott NE, Bawendi MG, Frangioni J V. Selection of quantum dot wavelengths for biomedical assays and imaging Mol Imaging, 2 (1): 50–64. Find this article online. Published online 2003.
  • [11] Diao S, Hong G, Antaris AL, et al. Biological imaging without autofluorescence in the second near-infrared region. Nano Res, 2015;8:3027-3034.
  • [12] Wang R, Li X, Zhou L, Zhang F. Epitaxial seeded growth of rare‐earth nanocrystals with efficient 800 nm near‐infrared to 1525 nm short‐wavelength infrared downconversion photoluminescence for in vivo bioimaging. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2014;53(45):12086-12090.
  • [13] Talewar RA, Mahamuda S, Swapna K, Rao AS. Sensitization of Yb3+ by Nd3+ emission in alkaline-earth chloro borate glasses for laser and fiber amplifier applications. J Alloys Compd, 2019;771:980-986.
  • [14] Lupei A, Lupei V, Ikesue A, Gheorghe C, Hau S. Nd→ Yb energy transfer in (Nd, Yb): Y2O3 transparent ceramics. Opt Mater (Amst), 2010;32(10):1333-1336.
  • [15] Park J, An K, Hwang Y, et al. Ultra-large-scale syntheses of monodisperse nanocrystals. Nat Mater, 2004;3(12):891-895.
  • [16] Zhao J, Zhang W, Xie E, Ma Z, Zhao A, Liu Z. Structure and photoluminescence of β-Ga2O3: Eu3+ nanofibers prepared by electrospinning. Appl Surf Sci, 2011;257(11):4968-4972.
  • [17] Xia Z, Luo Y, Guan M, Liao L. Near-infrared luminescence and energy transfer studies of LaOBr: Nd 3+/Yb 3+. Opt Express, 2012;20(105):A722-A728.
  • [18] Borrero-González LJ, Nunes LA de O. Near-infrared quantum cutting through a three-step energy transfer process in Nd3+–Yb3+ co-doped fluoroindogallate glasses. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 2012;24(38):385501.
  • [19] Lupei V, Lupei A, Ikesue A. Spectroscopic properties of Nd3+ and highly efficient Nd3+ to Yb3+ energy transfer in transparent Sc2O3 ceramics. In: Advanced Solid-State Photonics. Optica Publishing Group, 2005;41.
  • [20] Jia Z, Arcangeli A, Tao X, et al. Efficient Nd 3+→ Yb 3+ energy transfer in Nd 3+, Yb 3+: Gd3 Ga5O12 multicenter garnet crystal. J Appl Phys, 2009;105(8):083113.
  • [21] Bouras K, Rehspringer JL, Schmerber G, et al. Optical and structural properties of Nd doped SnO 2 powder fabricated by the sol–gel method. J Mater Chem C Mater, 2014;2(39):8235-8243.
  • [22] Liu Y, Luo W, Zhu H, Chen X. Optical spectroscopy of lanthanides doped in wide band-gap semiconductor nanocrystals. J Lumin, 2011;131(3):415-422.
  • [23] Kamiya T, Hosono H. Material characteristics and applications of transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors. NPG Asia Mater, 2010;2(1):15-22.
  • [24] Buckeridge J, Catlow CRA, Farrow MR, et al. Deep vs shallow nature of oxygen vacancies and consequent n-type carrier concentrations in transparent conducting oxides. Phys Rev Mater, 2018;2(5):054604.
  • [25] Wu Z, Bai G, Hu Q, et al. Effects of dopant concentration on structural and near-infrared luminescence of Nd3+-doped beta-Ga2O3 thin films. Appl Phys Lett, 2015;106(17):171910.
  • [26] Chen Z, Wang X, Noda S, et al. Effects of dopant contents on structural, morphological and optical properties of Er doped Ga2O3 films. Superlattices Microstruct, 2016;90:207-214.
  • [27] Sun J, Sun Y, Cao C, Xia Z, Du H. Near-infrared luminescence and quantum cutting mechanism in CaWO4: Nd 3+, Yb 3+. Applied Physics B, 2013;111:367-371.