YATAYA YAKIN KALIN KÖMÜR DAMARLARINDA DAMAR EĞİMİNİN UZUNAYAK YÖNTEM VERİMLİLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN FİZİKSEL MODEL İLE ARAŞTIRILMASI

Göçertmeli uzunayak yöntemi geleneksel yönteme ek olarak tavan kömürü göçertme işleminin yapıldığı etkili bir yeraltı üretim yöntemidir. Yöntem kömür damarının eğiminde ya da yatay kalınlığında ayak oluşturulmak suretiyle iki farklı şekilde uygulanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada damarın eğiminde ayak oluşturularak uygulanan göçertmeli uzunayak yöntemi araştırılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada, yataya yakın kalın kömür damarlarında uygulanan göçertmeli uzunayak yönteminde damar eğiminin yöntem verimliliğine etkisi çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen 2 boyutlu fiziksel bir model ile incelenmiştir. Fiziksel model çalışmaları sonucunda, çekilen tavan kömürü miktarı ile damar eğimi arasında doğrusal bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın kaya karışım oranının damar eğimindeki artışa bağlı olarak belirli bir noktaya kadar arttığı sonrasında ise azalmaya başladığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca tavan kömürü akma sınırlarının da damar eğimindeki artışa bağlı olarak ayak ilerleme yönüne doğru yöneldiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Uzunayak, Fiziksel model, Damar eğimi, Kaya karışım oranı, Tavan kömürü akma sınırları

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SEAM INCLINATION ON LONGWALL METHOD WITH A PHYSICAL MODEL IN THICK COAL SEAMS CLOSE TO HORIZONTAL

The longwall top coal caving production method is an effective underground production method in which the top coal caving process is in addition to the traditional longwall production method. The production method, which was first used in France and Yugoslavia in the 1950s, has started to be used effectively and efficiently all over the world after the 2000s. The method can be applied in two different ways by forming a face in the inclination of the coal seam or in the horizontal thickness. In this study, the longwall top coal caving production method, which is applied by creating a face on the slope of the seam, was investigated. In the research, the effect of the seam slope on the method efficiency in the longwall top coal caving production method applied in thick coal seams close to horizontal was investigated with a 2D physical model developed within the scope of the study. As a result of the physical model studies, a linear relationship was determined between the amount of top coal drawn and the inclination of the seam. On the other hand, it was determined that the rock mixture ratio increased up to a certain point depending on the increase in seam slope, and then started to decrease. In addition, it has been determined that the top coal flow boundaries are also oriented towards the face progression direction depending on the increase in the seam slope.

Keywords:

Longwall, Physical model, Seam slope, Rock mixture ratio, Top coal flow boundaries,

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