İnsan Aktivite Modeli Temelli Ergoterapi Müdahalesinin Aile İçi Şiddet Yaşayan Kadınlarda Etkinliği

Amaç: Şiddet deneyimi kadınların bağımsız yaşam becerilerini ve günlük aktivitelerini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, "İnsan Aktivite Modeli (Model of Human Occupation-MOHO)" temelli ergoterapi müdahalesinin aile içi şiddete maruz kalan ve sığınma evinde kalan kadınların okupasyonel yeterliliklerine ve okupasyonel katılımlarına etkisinin araştırmaktı. Gereç ve Yöntem: İki sığınma evinde kalan 13 kadına, 10 müdahale alanı içeren MOHO-temelli ergoterapi programı uygulandı. Dört haftalık (16 seans) bireysel ve grup eğitimleri ve çevresel müdahaleler gerçekleştirildi. Bireylerin okupasyonel yeterlikleri “Aktivite Öz Değerlendirmesi” ile, okupasyonel katılımları ise “İnsan Aktivite-Rol Modeli Tarama Aracı” ile değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmeler müdahale öncesi, sonrası ve 3. ay takipte yürütüldü. Bulgular: Müdahale öncesi ve 3 aylık takip değerlendirmeleri arasında okupasyonel yeterlilik (p=0,002) ve okupasyonel katılımda (p=0,004) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. OSA-önem ve MOHOST-motor beceriler alanları hariç (p>0,05) tüm alanlarda (OSA-yeterlilik ve MOHOST'un irade, alışkanlık, iletişim-etkileşim, süreç becerileri ve çevre parametreleri) iyileşmeler kaydedilmiştir (p<0,05). Tartışma: Sığınma evlerinde gerçekleştirilen MOHO temeli ergoterapi müdahaleleri, şiddete maruz kalmış kadınların okupasyonel yeterlilikleri ve okupasyonel katılımları üzerinde etkili olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ergoterapi, Aile içi şiddet, Kadınlar, İnsan aktivite modeli

The Effectiveness of Model of Human Occupation-Based Occupational Therapy Intervention for Women who Experienced Domestic Violence

Purpose: Experiences of violence negatively affect women's independence and daily activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the "Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)"-based occupational therapy intervention on the occupational competence and occupational participation of women affected by domestic violence and living in a women's shelter. Materials and Methods: The MOHO-based occupational therapy program, which includes 10 intervention areas, was applied to 13 women in two women’s shelters. Four-week (16 sessions) individual and group training and environmental interventions were provided. Participants' occupational competence was assessed with the “Occupational Self-Assessment” and occupational participation with the “Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool”. Assessments were conducted before the intervention, after the intervention, and at the 3-month follow-up. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in occupational competence (p=0.002) and occupational participation (p=0.004) between pre-intervention and 3-month follow-up assessments. Improvements were noted in all domains (OSA-competence, and volution, habituation, communication-interaction, process skills, and environment parameters of MOHOST) (p<0.05), except for the domains of OSA-value and MOHOST-motor skills (p>0.05). Discussion: MOHO-based occupational therapy interventions delivered in women's shelters could have a positive impact on the occupational competence and occupational participation of women experiencing violence.

Keywords:

Occupational therapy, Domestic violence, Women, Model of human occupation,

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