Görme Keskinliği ile Fonksiyonel Denge Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı; görme yetersizliği olan ve olmayan bireylerin fonksiyonel dengelerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya görme keskinlikleri Snellen E eşeli ile değerlendirilen 74 birey dahil edildi. Bireyler görme keskinliği seviyesine göre görme yetersizliği olmayan (Grup 1), hafif görme yetersizliği olan (Grup 2) ve orta seviye görme yetersizliği olanlar (Grup 3) olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Demografik bilgiler kaydedildi. Alt ekstremite normal eklem hareketi gonyometrik ölçüm ile kas gücü kas testi ile ağrı Görsel Analog Skala ile ve fonksiyonel denge Berg Denge Testi (BDT) ile değerlendirildi. Gruplar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar: 39 (%52,7) kadın; 35 (%47,2) erkekten oluşan örneklemde Tek yönlü varyans analizine göre (ANOVA) Grup 1’in BDT sonuçları Grup 2 ve Grup 3’ten farklı idi (p<0,001). Grup 1’in ortalama BDT puanı Grup 2 (p:0,03) ve Grup 3’e göre (p<0,001) daha yüksek idi. Grup 2’nin BDT ortalama puanı Grup 3’ten farklı ve daha yüksek idi (p:0,002). Normal eklem hareketi, kas gücü ve ağrı gibi dengeyi etkileyebilecek faktörlerin varyans analizi sonuçlarını etkilemediği tespit edildi. Tartışma: Görme yetersizliği fazla olan bireylerde fonksiyonel denge puanının daha düşük olduğu tespit edildi. Görme yetersizliği olan bireylere yönelik hazırlanacak rehabilitasyon programlarının görme keskinliği derecesine göre interdisipliner bakış açısı ile planlanması bireylerin fonksiyonel dengesinin geliştirilebilmesinde önemlidir

Investigation of the Relationship Between Visual Acuity and Functional Balance

Purpose: The aim of our study is to compare the functional balance ability of adult individuals with and without visual impairment. Materials and Method: 74 individuals were divided into 3 groups according to visual acuity evaluated by Snellen Chart. Group 1 was individuals without visual impairment while Group 2 and Group 3 were individuals with mild and modarate visual impairment. Demogra was evaluted by manual muscle test, range of motion was assessed by goniometry and functional balance was evaluted by Berg balance test. Goups were compared statistically. Results: 39 (52.7%) female and 35 (47.2%) male totally 74 individual were included. The one way ANOVA test showed the mean Berg balance scores of Group 1 were signifcantly different (p<0.001) than Group 2 and Group 3. Group 1 had higher mean balance scores than Group 2 (p:0.03) and Group 3 (p<0.001). The balance scores of Group 2 was signifcantly different than Group 3 (p: 0.002). Factors related to balance, such as range of motion, pain and strength, did not affect the variance analyses. conclusion: Functional balance was more impaired with individuals with greater visual impairment. Preparation of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs for individuals with visual impairment is important

___

  • Altunay Arslantekin, B. (2014). Görme yetersizliğinin psikomotor gelişim ile bağımsız hareket üzerindeki Etkileri ve Destekleyici Programlar. Ergoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 2 (3 ), 165-175 .
  • Anson, E., Rosenberg, R., Agada, P., Kiemel, T., & Jeka, J. (2013 ). Does visual feedback during walking result in similar improvements in trunk control for young and older healthy adults?. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation , 10(1 ), 110.
  • Atasavun Uysal, S., & Akı, E. (2009 ). Görme engelli çocukların mobilite düzeylerinin incelenmesi: Pilot çalışma. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 20(3 ), 201-206.
  • Bijur, P. E., Silver, W., & Gallagher, E. J. (2001 ). Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain. Academic Emergency Medicine , 8 (12 ), 1153- 1157 .
  • Chen, E. W., Fu, A. S., Chan, K. M., & Tsang, W. W. (2011 ). The effects of Tai Chi on the balance control of elderly persons with visual impairment: a randomised clinical trial. Age and Ageing , doi: 10. 1093 /againg/afr146.
  • Chen, E. W., Fu, A. S., Chan, K. M., & Tsang, W. W. (2012 ). Balance control in very old adults with and without visual impairment. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112 (5 ), 1631-1636.
  • Ekstrand, J., Wiktorsson, M., Oberg, B., & Gillquist, J. (1982 ). Lower extremity goniometric measurements: a study to determine their reliability. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 63 (4), 171-175 .
  • Franz, J. R., Francis, C. A., Allen, M. S., O’Connor, S. M., & Thelen, D. G. (2015 ). Advanced age brings a greater reliance on visual feedback to maintain balance during walking. Human Movement Science , 40, 381-392 .
  • Green, S.B., Salkind, N.J. & Akey, T.M. (2000). Using SPSS for Windows analayzing and undestanding data. 2nd. Ed.Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 208-232 .
  • Kendall, F. P., McCreary, E. K., & Kendall, H. O. (1983 ). Muscles, Testing and Function: Testing and Function . Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
  • Khan, N. M., Lin, S., Guan, L., & Guo, B. (2014, December). A Visual Evaluation Framework for In - Home Physical Rehabilitation. In Multimedia (ISM), 2014 IEEE International Symposium on 237-240.
  • Lamoureux, E., & Pesudovs, K. (2011 ). Vision - specific quality - of- life research: a need to improve the quality. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 151 (2 ), 195-197 .
  • Lusk, K. E., Coakley, R., & Schwartz, T. L. (2014). Comprehensive pediatric low- vision rehabilitation: effective evaluations and treatment for very young children. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus , 18 (4), 34.
  • Mason, H., & McCall, S. (Eds.). (2013 ). Visual impairment: Access to education for children and young people . Routledge.
  • Matti, A. I., Pesudovs, K., Daly, A., Brown, M., & Chen, C. S. (2011 ). Access to low- vision rehabilitation services: barriers and enablers. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 94(2 ), 181-186.
  • McGraw, P., Winn, B., & Whitaker, D. (1995 ). Reliability of the Snellen chart. BMJ, 310(6993 ), 1481-1482 .
  • Moon, S. J., Kim, Y. W., & Kim, T. H. (2012 ). The Effects of Balance Training with Visual Cue Deprivation on Gait Function in Patients with Stroke. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine , 7 (4), 411-421 .
  • Noohu, M. M., Dey, A. B., & Hussain, M. E. (2014). Relevance of balance measurement tools and balance training for fall prevention in older adults. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics , 5 (2 ), 31-35 .
  • Pascolini, D., & Mariotti, S. P. (2011 ). Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 223-229 .
  • Reed - Jones, R. J., Solis, G. R., Lawson, K. A., Loya, A. M., Cude - Islas, D., & Berger, C. S. (2013 ). Vision and falls: A multidisciplinary review of the contributions of visual impairment to falls among older adults. Maturitas , 75 (1 ), 22-28 .
  • Rynearson, E., & Yu, S. (2013 ). Commentary on Functional Balance Assessment With Pediatric Balance Scale in Girls With Visual Impairment. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 25 (4), 466.
  • Stevenson, T., & Tsang, R. (1996). Berg Balance Test. Physical Therapy, 76(10), 1124-1126.
  • Swenor, B. K., Bandeen - Roche, K., Munoz, B. E., & West, S. K. (2014). Does walking speed mediate the association between visual impairment and self- report of walking disability? The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study. Investigative Ophtalmology and Visual Science, 55 (5 ), 191 .
  • Swenor, B. K., Munoz, B., & West, S. (2013 ). Does visual impairment affect mobility over time? The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, IO-13 .
  • Willis, J. R., Vitale, S. E., Agrawal, Y., & Ramulu, P. Y. (2013 ). Visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and objectively measured balance in the United States. JAMA Ophthalmology, 131 (8 ), 1049-1056