Fitoöstrojenler ve Sağlıktaki Etkileri

Bitki kökenli östrojenler veya östrojene benzer etkiye sahip olan bileşikler “fitoöstrojenler” olarak adlandırılır. Değişik derecelerde östrojenik etkinliğe sahip olan fitoöstrojenler, organizmada bulunan doğal östrojenlerle yarışa girer,reseptörlere bağlanarak etkinlik gösterirler. Fitoöstrojenler; izoflavonoidler, stilbenler, lignanlar ve kumestanlar olmaküzere dört alt gruba ayrılmaktadır. İzoflavonlar daha çok soya ve soya ürünlerinde ve diğer kurubaklagillerde, lignanlar;en çok keten tohumu, çavdar kepeği, kiraz, çilek gibi meyvelerde, stilbenler; yer fıstığı ve kırmızı şarapta, kumestanlarise kurubaklagillerde bulunur. Fitoöstrojenler, östrojenik ve antiöstrojenik, antioksidant, antiproliferatif veantianjiogenetik, antinflamatuar özellikler gösterebilmektedir. Östrojenik ve antiöstrojenik özellikleri ile daha çok menopoz veya osteoporoz ile ilişkili iken, antioksidant özellikleri ile kanserle ilişkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ancak yapılan çalışmalarda fitoöstrojenlerin etki mekanizmaları henüz tam olarak açıklanamamakta, bu bileşiklerin yaygın olarak kullanımının önerilebilmesi için daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bu derlemede fitoöstrojenler ve sağlıktakietkileri ile ilgili makaleler özetlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fitoöstojenler, sağlık

Phytoestrogens and Effects on Health

Keywords:

Fitoöstojenler, sağlık,

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ipriflavone and estrogen replacement on bone mineral
postmenopausal women. Maturitas, 28: 75– 81. metabolism in
Golgberg G. 2001. Plants: Diet and Health. British Publishing, pp. 138–146. Blackwell
Magee JP, Rowland R, 2004. Phyto- oestrogens, their mechanism of action; current evidence for e role in breast and prostate cancer. Br J Nutr., 91: 513–531.
Morabito N, Crisafulli A, Vergara C, Gaudio A, Lasco A, Frisina N, D’Anna R, Corrado F, Pizzoleo MA, Cincotta M, Altavilla D, Ientile R, Squadrito , 2002. Effects of genistein and hormone-replacement therapy on bone loss in early post-menopausal women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Bone Miner Res., 17: 1904–1912.
Rowland I, Faughan M, Hoey L, Wahala K, 2003. Bioavailability of phyto-oestrogens. Br J Nutr, 89 (supp 1):pp 45–58.
Schmitt E, Lehmann M, Metzler M, Stoper H, 2002. Hormonal and genotoxic activity of resveratrol. Toxicology Letters.136: 133-142.
Stopper H, Schmitt E, Kobras K, 2005. Genotoxicity of phytoestrogens. Research. 574: 139-155. Mutation
Ulusoylu M, 2004. İzoflavonlar. Marmara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Farmakognozi ABD.www.nutrisyon.com.
Virgilio DLA, Iwami K, Watjen W, Kohl R, Degen GH, 2004. Genotoxicity of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein and equol in V79 cells. Toxicology Letters. 151: 151-162.
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Wilson T, Temple NJ, 2001. Health benefits of soy isoflavones. Nutritional Health Strategies for Disease Prevention. Humana Press Inc., Totowa. pp. 75-85.