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Atölye tipi sistemlerin üretim planlamasında temin süresi yönetimi

Kısa ve güvenilir temin süreleri, özellikle siparişe-özel-üretim ve siparişe-özel-tasarım şeklinde üretim yapan firmalarda müşteri memnuniyetini artırmak ve siparişlerde süreklilik sağlamak için kritik önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca kesin ve güvenilir üretim temin süreleri, üretim planlamasına ve kapasite tahsisine önemli ölçüde katkı sağlamaktadır. Bir üretim sisteminin tasarımı iş istasyonu sayısı, bekleme alanlarının büyüklüğü, üretim kapasitesi ve işlerin sistem içindeki rotaları gibi unsurların yapılandırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Üretim sistemi tasarımı, temin süresinin belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, iş istasyonu sayısının, iş istasyonları arasındaki tampon alanlarının büyüklüğünün, üretim kapasitesinin, giriş iş istasyonu sayısının ve sistemin yerleşim planının üretim temin süresi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak ve böyle bir analizin üretim planlamasında yönetimsel karar almaya nasıl yardım edebileceğini göstermektir. Çalışmada, 19 vakanın bulunduğu beş ayrı grupta denemeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretim sistemlerinin performanslarının belirlenmesinde yapılandırılmamış kuyruk ağları için geliştirilen yaklaşık bir model kullanılmıştır. Deneme sonuçları üretim temin süresinin, sistemin yerleşim planından (sistemin yapılandırmasının ileri veya geri beslemeli oluşu ve çıkış iş istasyonlarının sayısından) önemli ölçüde etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Atölye Tipi Üretim Sistemleri, Kuyruk Ağı Modeli, Üretim Temin Süresi

Lead time management for production planning in job shops

Short and reliable lead times are important to promote customer satisfaction and generate further orders, particularly in the case of make-to-order and engineer-to-order manufacturing. Moreover, accurate manufacturing lead times can greatly help production planning and allocation of capacities. The design of a manufacturing system refers to the configuration of elements such as the number of workstations, storage, capacity and movement of work through the system. The design of a manufacturing system can play a key role in manufacturing lead time. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of the number of workstations, buffer sizes, processing capacities, number of entry workstations and layout of a system on manufacturing lead time, and to demonstrate how such an analysis can aid managerial decision making in production planning. Five sets of experiments, with a total of 19 cases, were conducted. An approximate model for arbitrary queueing networks is used to provide insights into the general behaviour of manufacturing systems. These experimental results suggest that the manufacturing lead time of a system is the most sensitive to layout of the system, i.e., configuration of the system (feed-forward or feed-backward topology) and the number of exit workstations.

Keywords:

Job Shops, Queuing Network Modelling, Manufacturing Lead Time,

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