Kuzu Marulu (Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr) Yetiştiriciliğinde Besin Solüsyonuna Silisyum İlavesinin Tuz Stresine Karşı Etkileri

Teknelerde, havalandırmalı besin solüsyonu üzerine yerleştirilen köpük viyollerde yürütülen bu çalışmada, kuzu marulu yetiştiriciliğinde besin solüsyonuna silisyum (Si) ilavesinin tuz stresine karşı bitki gelişimi, verim ve kalite üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Kuzu marulu tohumları 72’lik viyolde torf ortamına ekilmiş; çimlenme odasında 3 gün çimlendirilen tohumlar fide serasına alınmış, gerçek yapraklar çıkmaya başladığında serada su kültürüne aktarılmış, bundan 7 gün sonrada besin solüsyonuna tuz ve silisyum uygulanmıştır. Bitkilerin beslenmesinde marul reçetesi kullanılmıştır. Bitkiler iki farklı besin solüsyonu tuzluluk seviyesinde [1.8 dS/m (0 mM): Kontrol ve 3.6 dS/m (20 mM): Tuzlu] yetiştirilmiş ve solüsyona ilave edilen 100 ppm silisyum (K2SiO3) uygulaması (Si+), silisyumsuz (Si-) uygulama ile kıyaslanmıştır. Su kültüründe aktarıldıktan 1 ay sonra hasat olgunluğuna gelen bitkilerde bitki gelişim ölçümleri yapılmış ve ardından tek seferde hasatları yapılarak verim değerleri alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, besin solüsyonuna tuz ilavesinin bitki boyu, yeşil aksam yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, verim, nitrat ve su tüketimini azalttığını; kök boyu ve kök biyomasını arttırdığını göstermiştir. Özellikle tuz stresi altında besin solüsyonuna silisyum ilavesi tuz stresinin olumsuz etkisini gidermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, silisyumun tuz stresini azaltmada pratik ve alternatif bir uygulama olabildiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Topraksız tarım, Yüzen su kültürü, mısır salatası, NaCl, Si

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