Kuraklık Stresinin Fasulyede Bitki Gelişimi, Bazı Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi

Bu çalışma kuraklık stresinin fasulyede bitki gelişimi, besin maddesi içeriği ile bazı fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikler üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma Seraları ve Laboratuarında 2018-2019 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 farklı sulama seviyesi [tam sulama (%100) (D0), tarla kapasitesinin %80 (D1) ve %60’si (D2)] ve 3 tekerrürlü olarak saksı denemesi şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, kuraklık stresinin fasulyede yaprak alanı, yaprak-gövde-kök yaş ağırlığı ile yaprak-gövde-kök kuru ağırlığı gibi bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine olumsuz etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) kuraklık stresi ile artarken, doku oransal su içeriği azalmıştır. Kuraklık stresi ayrıca fasulyede incelenen organlarda bitki besin elementi içeriğini azaltmış, buna karşın hidrojen peroksit (H2O2), melondiahldeid (MDA), prolin ve sakkoroz içeriğini artırmıştır. Sonuç olarak; kurak koşullarda yetiştirilen fasulyede kuraklığa tepkide ve tolerans sağlamada birçok biyokimyasal mekanizmanın meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir.

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