Binek Tipi Yakit Hücreli Bir Aracın Advisor Tabanlı Modellenmesi ve Hareket Dirençlerinin Batarya Performansına Etkisi

: Elektrik tahrikli araçların performanslarını etkileyen en önemli faktörler batarya teknolojileri ve hareket dirençleridir. Batarya teknolojilerinin araç performansına etkisi üzerinde çok miktarda araştırma yapılmasına rağmen hareket dirençleri (yuvarlanma direnci, hava direnci, yokuş direnci, transmisyon direnci) ve aksesuar kayıplarının araç performansına etkisi üzerine yapılan araştırma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmada binek tipi yakıt hücreli bir aracın ADVISOR simülasyon programında modellemesi yapılarak hareket dirençleri ve aksesuar kayıplarının araç batarya performansına etkisi incelenmiştir. Simülasyon sonucunda NEDC sürüş çevrimine göre düşük yuvarlanma direncine sahip lastiğin SOC (State of Charge) değeri yüksek yuvarlanma dirençli lastikten % 2.2 daha yüksek, C_x A değerinin 2 kat azaltılması SOC değerinde % 1.3 azalma meydana getirmiştir. Transmisyon seçiminin taşıt batarya performansına bakıldığında vites kutusu dişli oranlarındaki farklılıklar sebebiyle 5 hızlı vites kutusunda daha yüksek sürtünme kayıpları meydana gelmiş, aksesuar yüklerinin 700 W yerine 1000 W olması ortalama SOC değerinin % 1.4 azalmasına neden olmuştur. Yolun eğimi ile ilgili yapılan simülasyonlarda % 5 yol eğiminde (yokuş) düşük yuvarlanma direncine sahip lastik kullanımı SOC değerinin % 2 daha yüksek elde edilmesini sağlamıştır. %5 yol eğiminde (iniş) ise düşük yuvarlanma direncine sahip lastik kullanılması durumunda SOC değeri % 2.2 daha yüksek elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yakıt pilleri, hareket direnci, elektrikli araçlar, ADVISOR, State of Charge.

Advisor-Based Modelling of a Passenger-Type Fuel Cell Vehicle and the Effect of Movement Resistances on Battery Performance

The most important factors affecting the performance of electric driven vehicles are battery technology and movement resistance. Although many researches have been made on vehicle performance of battery technologies, the number of researches on the effect of movement resistances (rolling resistance, air resistance, road gradient resistance, transmission resistance) and accessory loss on vehicle performance is quite limited. In this study, modelling of a passenger-type fuel cell vehicle has been made on ADVISOR (ADVISOR-Advanced Vehicle Simulator) simulation programme, and effect of movement resistances and accessory losses on battery performance has been examined. At the end of the simulation, it has been determined that SOC (State of Change) value of the tire with low rolling resistance according to NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) driving cycle is higher than the tire with high rolling resistance by 2.2%; and that decrease of C_x A by two times has resulted in a decrease in SOC value by 1.3%. When vehicle-battery performance of transmission selection has been examined, it has been observed that higher friction loss occurred in 5-speed gearbox due to the differences between the gear rations of the gearbox, and average SOC value decreased by 1.4% due to the fact that accessory load was 1000 W instead of 700 W. During simulations made with relation to the incline of the road, usage of tire with low rolling resistance on road incline (ascend) of 5% resulted in a higher value of SOC by 2%. And on road incline (descend) of 5%, usage of tire with low rolling resistance resulted in a higher value of SOC by 2.2%.

Keywords:

Fuel cells, motion resistance, electrical vehicles, ADVISOR, State of Charge,

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