Canberk TOMRUK, Burak ÇAKAR, Servet ÇELİK, Yiğit UYANIKGİL

Model organism in regenerative medicine; Axolotl (Ambystoma Mexicanum)

Sinir sistemi, ektremiteler, göz ve kalp gibi organlar olmak üzere hasarlanan ve yitirilen yapılarını skar oluşturmaksızın olağanüstü derecede yenileme kapasitesine sahip olan aksolotl; hem gelişimsel biyolojide hem de rejeneratif tıp ve kök hücre biyolojisi alanında çalışan bilim insanlarının dikkatini çekerek oldukça önemli bir model organizma haline gelmiştir. Amfibi ve tetrapod olan aksolotl, nispeten çalışılması zor olan Afrika pençeli kurbağası (Xenopus laevis) veya zebra balığı (Danio rerio) gibi diğer organizmalara göre bakımı ve üremesinin kolaylığı sebebiyle daha çok tercih edilen bir modeldir. Bu derlemenin temel amaçları; aksolotlın tanımı ve kökeninden başlayarak, taksonomisi, anatomisi, üremesi, beslenmesi, yaşam alanını, bilimsel çalışmalara model organizma olarak nasıl katkı sağladığı gibi konulara değinerek son 20 yıldaki bilimsel verileri ve çalışma alanlarına örnekler vererek bu model organizma üzerinde çalışmak isteyen bilim insanlarına bakış açısı kazandırmaktır.

Rejeneratif tıpta model organizma; Aksolotl (Ambystoma Mexicanum)

The axolotl has an extraordinary capacity to regenerate damaged and lost structures, especially the nervous system, limbs, organs such as the eye and heart, without causing scarring. It has become a very important model organism by attracting the attention of scientists working in both developmental biology and regenerative medicine and stem cell biology. The axolotl, which is amphibian and tetrapod, is a more preferred model due to its ease of maintenance and reproduction compared to other organisms such as African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) or zebrafish (Danio rerio), which are relatively difficult to study. The main purposes of this review are the definition and origin of the axolotl, its taxonomy, anatomy, reproduction, nutrition, habitat, to give a perspective to scientists who want to work on this model organism by giving examples to the scientific data and study fields of the last 20 years by addressing issues such as how it contributes to scientific studies as a model organism.

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