Derya DEMİR, Filiz VURAL, Nazan ÖZSAN, Emre DEMİR, Fatma KEKLİK, Tural PAŞAYEV, Nur Akad SOYER, Mine HEKİMGİL, Guray SAYDAM

Ege Üniversitesi hastanesi veri tabanında kayıtlı erişkin akut lösemi olgularının epidemiyolojik ve genel sağkalım özelliklerinin retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Akut lösemi/lenfoma ve myeloid sarkom, hematopoietik prekürsör hücrelerden gelişen klonal neoplastik proliferasyonlardır. Bu çalışmada, olgularının epidemiyolojik analizlerinin yapılması, global sonuçlarla karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi veri tabanına kayıtlı, 1992-2017 yıllarında akut lösemi/lenfoma ve myeloid sarkom tanısı alan 2.046 erişkin olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Olguların %58’i erkek olup; ortalama tanı yaşı 50,62, medyan tanı yaşı ise 52 idi. En sık (%62,5) akut myeloid lösemi (AML) izlendi. Olguların %95,8’i lösemik prezentasyon göstermekteydi. Sınıflandırılamayan lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL) olguları yıllara göre azalırken, diğer gruplarda yıllara göre lösemi tanısında artış dikkatimizi çekti. Çocukluk yaş grubunda daha sık karşımıza çıkan ALL olgularında yaş arttıkça görülme oranlarının azaldığı, hücre dizisi belirsiz akut lösemi olgularında ise yaş arttıkça görülme oranlarının da arttığı saptandı. AML ve tüm lösemi olguları ise en çok 40-64 yaş aralığında yer almaktaydı. Akut lösemi olgularında 1, 5, 10 ve 25 yıllık sağkalım sırasıyla %55,7, %29, %23 ve %15 olarak bulundu. Ayrıca sağkalım 18-39 yaş grubunda %52,3, 40-64 yaş grubunda %35,3, 65 yaş ve üstü grupta %20,9 idi. Sonuç: Cinsiyet ve sağkalım arasında bir fark saptanmaz iken, lösemik prezentasyon gösterenlerde, tedavi almayan olgularda ve yaş arttıkça sağkalım daha kısa bulunmuş ve istatistiksel olarak da anlamlı saptanmıştır. Prognozda, histolojik tip, yaş ve tedavi bizim çalışmamızda da öne çıkan önemli parametrelerdendir.

Retrospective evaluation of the epidemiological and overall survival characteristics of adult acute leukemia cases registered in the database of Ege University hospital

Aim: Acute leukemia/lymphoma and myeloid sarcoma originated from hematopoietic precursor cells are clonal neoplastic proliferations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological analysis of patients and compare them to global findings. Materials and Methods: The data, including 2,046 adult patients diagnosed as acute leukemia/lymphoma, and myeloid sarcoma recorded at Ege University Cancer Control and Research Center, within 1992-2017, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Of the patients, 58% was male; the mean age was 50.62, the median age was 52. The most common type of leukemia (62.5%) was acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemic presentation was seen in 95.8% of the patients. While the non-specified type of lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) decreased in years, the diagnosis of leukemia in other groups increased in years. It was found that the incidence of ALL, which are more common in the pediatric age, decreased with age, and the incidence of acute leukemia with ambiguous lineage increased with age. Most of the AML and all leukemia patients were in the age range of 40-64. Overall survival for 1, 5, 10, and 25-year in patients with acute leukemia were 55.7%, 29%, 23%, and 15%, respectively. In addition, it was 52.3% in the 18-39 age range, 35.3% in the 40-64 age range, and 20.9% in the 65 age and over. Conclusion: While there was no significant difference between gender and survival, leukemic presentation, untreatment and older age was statistically significantly correlated with poor overall survival. Histologic type, age, and treatment of the disease were found to be among the most important prognostic parameters in our study

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