In many types of cancer, reactive oxygen and nitrogen products have been detected at high levels. Arylesterase, and paraoxonase1 are esterase enzymes that have strong antioxidant characteristics. The prolidase enzyme is a rate -limiting metalloenzyme which also plays a role in collagen turnover, and is dependent on its NO-activity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible relationship between serum paraoxonase1, arilesterase and prolidase enzyme activity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and to investigate the etiology and mechanism of oral cavity cancer. The study included 24 patients with oral cavity cancer, and 22 healthy age - and sex- matched individuals. Arylesterase, paraoxonase1 and prolidase activities were measured using spectrophotometry. Paraoxonase1 activity was 11.6±2.32 nmol/l in the patient group and 29.46±6.18 nmol/l in the controls. Arylesterase activity was 32.2±14.57 nmol/l in the patient group and 80.71±7.23 nmol/l in the controls. Prolidase activity was 39.51±3.02 nmol/l in the patient group and 19.53±1.13 nmol/l in the controls. The mean paraoxonase1 and arylesterase levels in the patient group were statistically lower than the control group and the mean prolidase levels were high (p = 0.0001). In our study, arylesterase and paraoxonase1 enzyme activity was low in patients with oral cav ity cancer. The prolidase activity was higher in the same group. As a result, paraoxonase1, arylesterase and prolidase enzyme activities play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of oral cavity cancers. In addition, more research should be done on bot h clinical and molecular levels of oral cavity cancer.
___
1. Metin ZB, Aydin S, Unur M, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinoma and serum paraoxonase 1. J Laryngol Otol 2013; 127: 1208-1213.
2. Cummings CW, Flint PW, Harker LA, et al. Oral kavitenin malign tümörleri. In: Wein RO, Weber RS (ed) Cummings otolaringoloji Baş ve Boyun Cerrahisi. 4th ed. Ankara 2007; 1578-1617.
3. Malik UU, Siddiqui IA, Hashim Z, et al. Measurement of serum paraoxonase activity and MDA concentrations in patients suffering with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 20: 430: 38-42.
4. Sehitogulları A, Aslan M, Sayır F, et al. Serum paraoxonase-1 enzyme activities and oxidative stress levels in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Rep 2014; 19: 199-205.
5. Michalak S, Szubert S, Moszynski R, et al. Serum arylesterase and paraoxonase activities in patients with ovarian tumors. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 53: 490-493.
6. Utanğaç MM, Yeni E, Savaş M, et al. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in bladder cancer. Turk J Urol 2017; 43: 147-151.
7. Afsar CU, Gunaldı M, Okuturlar Y, et al. Paraoxonase-1 and arylesterase activities in patients with colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 15: 21599-21604.
8. Gan KN, Smolen A, Eckerson HW, et al. Purification of human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase. Evidence for one esterase catalyzing both activities. Drug Metab Dispos 1991; 19: 100-106.
9. Kitchener RL, Grunden AM. Prolidase function in proline metabolism and its medical and biotechnological applications. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113: 233-247.
10. Watson AD, Berliner JA, Hama SY, et al. Protective effect of high density lipoprotein associated paraoxonase. Inhibition of the biological activity of minimally oxidized low density lipoprotein. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 2882- 2891.
11. Karna E, Surazynski A, Palka J. Collagen metabolism disturbances are accompanied by an increase in prolidase activity in lung carcinoma planoepitheliale. Int J Exp Pathol 2000; 81: 341- 347.
12. Mittal S, Song X, Vig BS, et al. Prolidase, a potential enzyme target for melanoma: design of proline- containing dipeptide-like prodrugs. Mol Pharm 2005; 37-46.
13. Cechowska-Pasko M, Palka J. Wojtukiewicz MZ. Enhanced prolidase activity and decreased collagen content in breast cancer tissue. Int J Exp Pathol 2006; 289-296.
14. Arioz DT, Camuzcuoglu H, Toy H, et al. Serum prolidase activity and oxidative status in patients with stage I endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2009; 1244-1247.
15. Celik S, Kızıltan R, Yılmaz EM, et al. Potential diagnostic and prognostic significance of plasma prolidase activity in gastric cancer. Biomark Med 2017; 11: 319-327.
16. Olinski R, Zastawny T, Budzbon J, et al. DNA base modifications in chromatin of human cancerous tissues. FEBS Lett 1992; 309: 193-198.
17. Ciftci N. Oksidatif stresin kanserdeki rolü. Ahi Evren Tıp Dergisi 2017; 1: 8-13.
18. Conner EM, Grisham MB. Inflammation, free radicals, and antioxidants. Nutrition 1996; 12: 274-277.
19. Sosa V, Moliné T, Somoza R, et al. Oxidative stress and cancer: an overview. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12: 376-390.
20. Srivastava KC, Austin RD, Shrivastava D, et al. A Case control study to evaluate oxidative stress in plasma samples of oral malignancy. Contemp Clin Dent 2012; 3: 271-276.
21. Karaman E, Uzun H, Papila I, et al. Serum paraoxonase activity and oxidative DNA damage in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21: 1745-1749.
22. Bulbuller N, Eren E, Ellidag HY, et al. Diagnostic value of thiols, paraoxonase 1, arylesterase and oxidative balance in colorectal cancer in human. Neoplasma 2013; 60: 419-424.
23. Eroglu M, Yilmaz N, Yalcinkaya S, et al. Enhanced HDL-cholesterol-associated antioxidant PON-1 activity in prostate cancer
patients. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2013; 29: 368-373. 24. Surazynski A, Li Y, Miltyk W, et al. Nitric oxide regulates prolidase activity by serine ⁄ threo- nine phosphorylation. J Cell Biochem 2005; 96: 1086- 1094.