Evaluation of Skin Prick Test Results In Patients With Atopic Dermatitis

Skin prick test (SPT) may be useful to detect possible intrinsic and extrinsic triggering factors for atopic dermatitis. In this study, it was aimed to examine patients with atopic dermatitis who underwent SPT. The most common triggering allergens were evaluated and the association between demographic factors, accompanying other allergic disorders and SPT positivity was also investigated. This study was carried out retrospectively by examining the file records of 144 patients who underwent SPT due to atopic dermatitis. The most frequent allergens with at least three positivity were grasses (31.2%), grasses mix (24.3%), Cynodon dactylon (15.3%), D. pteronyssinus (9.7%), D. farinae (7.6%), respectively. D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus positivity were significantly statistically more frequent in patients with above 18 years than in patients under 18 years (p values were 0.003 and 0.007, respectively). There were statistically significant differences between at lea st one allergen positivity and allergic rhinitis (p=0.043) while there were no differences betwe en at least one allergen positivity and other allergic conditions including asthma, conjunctivitis, and food hypersensitivity (0.721, 0.927, 0.258). T he most common at least three positive allergens in patients with atopic dermatitis who had accompanyingal lergic rhinitis were grasses (44.5%), grasses mix (37.0%), Cynodon dactylon (27.2%), D. farinae (9.9%), D. pteronyssinus (8.6%). In this study, house dust mites and grass allergens were found to be the most common triggers of atopic dermatitis. In conclusi on, the frequency of food allergens was less common in atopic dermatitis. The most common allergic comorbidity associated with atopic dermatitis was allergic rhinitis, and house dust mites and grasses were the most common allergens in these cases

PDF

___

1. Leung DY, Boguniewicz M, Howell MD, Nomura I, Hamid QA. New insights into atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 2004; 113: 651- 657.

2. Nutten S. Atopic dermatitis: global epidemiology and risk factors. Ann Nutr Metab 2015; 66: 8-16.

3. Van Reijsen F, Bruijnzeel-Koomen C, et al. Skin-derived aeroallergen-specific T-cell clones of Th2 phenotype in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90: 184-193.

4. Spergel JM. From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010; 105: 99-106.

5. Cox L, Williams B, Sicherer S,et al. Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American college of allergy, asthma and immunology/American academy of allergy, asthma and immunology specific IgE test task force. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 101: 580-592.

6. Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann K-C, Bresciani M, Burbach G, Darsow U, et al. The skin prick test–European standards. Clin Transl Allergy 2013; 3: 1-10.

7. Kim TE, Park SW, Noh GW, Lee SS. Comparison of skin prick test results between crude allergen extracts from foods and commercial allergen extracts in atopic dermatitis by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge for milk, egg, and soybean. Yonsei Med J 2002; 43: 613-20.

8. http://turkdermatoloji.org.tr/icerik/detay/10 2

9. Türkmen D, Altunışık N. Malatya İlinde 169 Alerjik Kontakt Dermatitli Hastada Yama Testi Sonuçları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2018; 28: 114-122.

10. Kutlu Ö, Temiz SA. Examination of the frequency of patients with pre-diagnosed allergic contact dermatitis attending dermatology outpatient clinics and evaluation of patch test results.Ann Med Res.2020. doi: 10.5455/annalsmedres.2020.07.728

11. Bousquet J, Heinzerling L, Bachert C,et al. Practical guide to skin prick tests in allergy to aeroallergens. Allergy. 2012; 67: 18-24.

12. Yuksel H, Can D, Reisli İ,et al. Characteristics and prognosis of childhood atopic dermatitis: a multicenter study in Turkey. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2010; 152: 362-367.

13. Oğuz ID, Hızlı Ö, Akşan B. Giresun Bölgesi Deri Prick Testi Sonuçlarının Kapsamlı Analizi. Konuralp Medical Journal 2019; 11: 295-301.

14. Çölgecen E, Özyurt K, İntepe Y, et al. Yozgat yöresinde atopik semptomlu hastalarda deri prick testi sonuçları. J Clin Exp Invest 2014; 5: 64-68.

15. Kahraman H, Kılıç T, Sucaklı MH. The evaluation of prick test results in Malatya. J Clin Anal Med 2015; 6: 4-7.

16. Mirici A, Girgiç M, Tutar Ü, Kaynar H, Sağlam L, Gürgüner M. Erzurum’da astımlı hastalarda atopi sıklığı. Akciğer Arşivi 2001; 2: 64-68.

17. Ceylan E. Şanlıurfa’da bronş astımlı olguların klinik özellikleri. Solunum 2003; 6: 5-13.

18. Yalçın A, Öncel S, Akcan A, Eravșar K, Polat HH, Terzioğlu E. Prevalence of allergic asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis in over 16- year-old individuals in Antalya. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2010; 30: 888- 894.

19. Dikmen N, Bozkuş F, Bilgiç HK. Kahramanmaraş ilinde allerjik yakınmalar ile başvuran hastaların deri prick testi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi. Tepecik Eğit ve Araşt Hast Dergisi 2017; 27: 109-113.

20. Baykan A, Baykan H. Atopik dermatitli hastalarda deri prick test ve spesifik Ig E sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi. Duzce Medical Journal 2017; 19: 19-26.

21. Ayvaz A, Baki A, Gedik Y. Doğu karadeniz bölgesindeki çocuklardaallerji deri testi (skin prick test) sonuçları. Turkiye Klinikleri J AllergyAsthma 2003; 5 :80-84.

22. Kıymet B, Güvenç U, Cordan Yazıcı A, Köktürk A, İkizoğlu, Taşdelen B. Mersin'de Atopi ve Deri Hastalıkları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2007; 17: 105-111.

23. Eşitmez B, Doğan I. Kayseri ili elma bahçelerinde görülen yabancı ot türlerinin belirlenmesi. Meyve Bilimi 2016; 3 :1-9.

24. Liccardi G, D’Amato G, Russo M, Canonica GW, D’Amato L, De Martino M, et al. Focus on cat allergen (Fel d 1): Immunological and aerodynamic characteristics, modality of airway sensitization and avoidance strategies. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003; 132: 1-12.

25. Çetinkaya F, Birben E, Kalayci C. Cat Allergens in Homes of Cat Allergic Children without a Cat. Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis. 2015;1:2.

26. Işık N, Doğanlar S, Frary A.Genetic Diversity of Turkish Olive Varieties Assessed by Simple Sequence Repeat and Sequence-Related Amplifi ed Polymorphism Markers. Plant Genet Resour 2011; 51:1646-1654.

27. Bıçakçı A, Tosunoğlu A. Allergenic Pollens in Turkey. Asthma Allergy Immunol 2019; 17: 7- 24.

28. Gonzalez E, Villalba M, Rodriguez R. Allergenic cross‐reactivity of olive pollen. Allergy 2000; 55: 658-663.

29. Arlian LG, Platts-Mills TA. The biology of dust mites and the remediation of mite allergens in allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107: S406-S13.

30. Arlian LG, Neal JS, Vyszenski-Moher DL. Reducing relative humidity to control the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 104: 852-856.

31. Arlian LG. Dehydration and survival of the European house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. J Med Entomol 1975; 12: 437- 442.

32. https://www.worldweatheronline.com/develiweather/kayseri/tr.aspx

33. Escarrer JM, Muñoz-López F. Role of aeroallergens in the etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Allergol Immunopath 2002; 30: 126.

34. Sampson HA, Ho DG. Relationship between food-specific IgE concentrations and the risk of positive food challenges in children and adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997; 100: 444-451.

35. Burks AW, James JM, Hiegel A, Wilson G, Wheeler JG, Jones SM, et al. Atopic dermatitis and food hypersensitivity reactions. J Pediatr 1998; 132: 132-136.

36. Van Bever H, Docx M, Stevens W. Food and food additives in severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy 1989; 44: 588-594.

37. Magnolfi C, Zani G, Lacava L, Patria M, Bardare M. Soy allergy in atopic children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1996; 77: 197- 201