Hasan KAYA, Aybeniz CİVAN KAHVE, Alper BÜLBÜL

YouTube as a source of information: How good is the quality and reliability of videos related to obsessive compulsive disorder?

Objective: YouTube (Google LLC, Mountain View, CA, USA), an online video-sharing platform, has become a resource for health information. However, the quality of the information presented to viewers is not well known. This study is an examination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of YouTube videos related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and provides analysis of data of the number of views and the relationship between the popularity and quality of videos related to OCD. Method: This was a qualitative, cross-sectional study. A total of 131 English-language videos related to OCD available on YouTube were reviewed. The DISCERN questionnaire, the Global Quality Scale (GQS), and a YouTube OCD-Specific Score instrument were used to evaluate the videos. Details of the length of the videos, the number of views, the number of likes/ dislikes, and the length of time since upload were analyzed. Results: The source of the videos was most often a psychiatrist/psychologist (n=63, 48.1%), followed by an educational course (n=21, 16%), and patients/relatives (n=16, 12.2%). Most of the videos were of low quality. The DISCERN instrument ratings indicated that only 36.6% of the videos were of fair quality, and GQS assessment revealed that only 27.5% of videos scored ≥3 points. Conclusion: The OCD-related video content reviewed was largely inadequate. Information on the disease and distinction between symptoms, as well as treatment options, was insufficient. YouTube is a widely used information resource. Greater participation of mental health professionals could help to ensure access to high quality information on OCD, which could be of great benefit to patients and the public.

PDF

___

1. Prestin A, Vieux SN, Chou W-YS. Is online health activity alive and well or flatlining? Findings from 10 years of the health information national trends survey. J Health Commun 2015; 20:790-798.

2. McDaid, D, Park A. Online health: Untangling the web. evidence from the bupa health pulse 2010 international healthcare survey. Bupa Health Pulse survey and results © 2010 The British United Provident Association Limited. All other content in this report © 2010 LSE Enterprise Limited.London, Bupa. Zugriff am, 16, 2011.

3. Akerkar SM, Kanitkar M, Bichile L. Use of the Internet as a resource of health information by patients: a clinic-based study in the Indian population. J Postgrad Med 2005; 51:116.

4. Lawlor E, Breslin JG, Renwick L, Foley S, Mulkerrin U, Kinsella A, et al. Mental health literacy among Internet users. Early Interv Psychiatry 2008; 2:247-255.

5. Ma H, Lum C, Dai L, Kwok C, Woo J. Potentially inappropriate medication in elderly patients in outpatient clinics. Asian J Gerontol Geriatr 2008; 3:27-33.

6. YouTube by the numbers: Stats, demographics & fun facts. https://www.omnicoreagency.com/youtube-statistics/. Accessed March 1, 2021.

7. Bae SS, Baxter S. YouTube videos in the English language as a patient education resource for cataract surgery. Int Ophthalmol 2018; 38:1941-1945.

8. Szmuda T, Rosvall P, Hetzger TV, Ali S, Słoniewski P. YouTube as a source of patient information for hydrocephalus: a contentquality and optimization analysis. World Neurosurg 2020; 138:e469-e477.

9. Crino R, Slade T, Andrews G. The changing prevalence and severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder criteria from DSM-III to DSM-IV. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162:876-882.

10. Ruscio AM, Stein DJ, Chiu WT, Kessler RC. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Mol Psychiatry 2010; 15:53-63.

11. Bobes J, González M, Bascaran M, Arango C, Saiz P, Bousono M. Quality of life and disability in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2001; 16:239-245.

12. Stein MB, Forde DR, Anderson G, Walker JR. Obsessivecompulsive disorder in the community: an epidemiologic survey with clinical reappraisal. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:1120-1126.

13. Torres AR, Prince MJ, Bebbington PE, Bhugra D, Brugha TS, Farrell M, et al. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: prevalence, comorbidity, impact, and help-seeking in the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey of 2000. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163:1978-1985.

14. Khazaal Y, Chatton A, Cochand S, Hoch A, Khankarli MB, Khan R, et al. Internet use by patients with psychiatric disorders in search for general and medical informations. Psychiatr Q 2008; 79:301-309.

15. Haviland MG, Pincus HA, Dial TH. Type of illness and use of the Internet for health information. Psychiatr Serv 2003; 54:1198.

16. Li M, Yan S, Yang D, Li B, Cui W. YouTube™ as a source of information on food poisoning. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:952.

17. Celik H, Polat O, Ozcan C, Camur S, Kilinc BE, Uzun M. Assessment of the Quality and Reliability of the Information on Rotator Cuff Repair on YouTube. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020; 106:31-34.

18. Erdem MN, Karaca S. Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube. Spine 2018; 43:E1334-E1339.

19. Charnock D, Shepperd S, Needham G, Gann R. DISCERN: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices J Epidemiol Community Health 1999; 53:105-111.

20. Bernard A, Langille M, Hughes S, Rose C, Leddin D, Van Zanten SV. A systematic review of patient inflammatory bowel disease information resources on the World Wide Web. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102:2070-2077.

21. Biggs T, Bird J, Harries P, Salib R. YouTube as a source of information on rhinosinusitis: the good, the bad and the ugly. J Laryngol Otol 2013; 127:749-754.

22. Gray MC, Gemmiti A, Ata A, Jun B, Johnson PK, Ricci JA, et al. Can you trust what you watch? An assessment of the quality of information in aesthetic surgery videos on YouTube. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:329e-336e.

23. Nour MM, Nour MH, Tsatalou O-M, Barrera A. Schizophrenia on YouTube. Psychiatr Serv 2017; 68:70-74.

24. Szmuda T, Rosvall P, Hetzger TV, Ali S, Słoniewski P. YouTube as a source of patient information for hydrocephalus: a contentquality and optimization analysis. World Neurosurg 2020; 138:e469-e477.

25. Genc ES, Wu HE, Pinjari OF, Fernandez LA, Henchcliffe BE, Husain M, Selek S. Image of Electroconvulsive Therapy in YouTube Videos. J ECT 2020; 36:e19-e21.

26. Szmuda T, Özdemir C, Fedorow K, Ali S, Słoniewski P. YouTube as a source of information for narcolepsy: A content‐quality and optimization analysis. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13053.

27. Serdobbel Y, Pieters G, Joos S. De obsessieve compulsieve stoornis en het internet. Een evaluatie van Nederlandstalige websites aan de hand van kwaliteitsindicatoren [Obsessive compulsive disorder and the internet. An evaluation of Dutch-language websites and quality indicators]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2006; 48:763- 773. (Dutch)

28. Klila H, Chatton A, Zermatten A, Khan R, Preisig M, Khazaal Y. Quality of Web-based information on obsessive compulsive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013; 9:1717-1723.

29. Bandelow B, Sher L, Bunevicius R, Hollander E, Kasper S, Zohar J, et al; WFSBP Task Force on Mental Disorders in Primary Care; WFSBP Task Force on Anxiety Disorders, OCD and PTSD. Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in primary care. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2012; 16:77-84.

30. Lovell K, Bee P. Implementing the NICE OCD/BDD guidelines. Psychol Psychother 2008; 81:365-376.