Kök Hücreler

Kök hücreler kendini yenileyebilen ve spesifik hücre tiplerine dönüşebilen farklılaşmamış hücrelerdir. Kök hücreler vücutta bulundukları yere göre başlıca embriyonik kök hücreler ve erişkin kök hücreler olarak iki ana sınıfa ayrılır. Farklılaşma ve gelişme potansiyellerine göre ise kök hücreler totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, oligopotent veya unipotent olabilirler. Çeşitli hastalıklarda tedavi amacıyla kullanılabilme ve rejeneratif tıptaki potansiyelleri nedeniyle embriyonik kök hücreler, indüklenmiş pluripotent kök hücreler, mezenkimal kök hücreler, hematopoietik kök hücreler ve kanser kök hücreleri ile farklı bilim alanlarında yapılmış çalışmalar vardır. Bu yazıda kök hücre tanımı, genel özellikleri ve klinikteki kullanımları üzerinde durulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kök hücre, embriyonik kök hücre, indüklenmiş pluripotent kök hücre, mezenkimal kök hücre, hematopoietik kök hücre, kanser kök hücresi

STEM CELLS

A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can self-renew itself and can commit to a specific cell type. Depending on their residency, stem cells are classified into two main categories as embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. According to their differentiation and developmental potential, stem cells may be classified as totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent. The therapeutic potential in disease states and in regenerative medicine of embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and cancer stem cells have been studied in different scientific areas. In this review, the definition, common characteristics, and clinical use of different stem cells will be discussed.

Keywords:

stem cell, embryonic stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, mesenchymal stem cell, hematopoietic stem cell, cancer stem cell,

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