TAKIM YÖNETİMİ VE TAKIM ETKİNLİĞİNİ BELİRLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: SAVUNMA SANAYİNDE AR-GE YAPAN TAKIMLAR ÜZERİNDE BİR SAHA ARAŞTIRMASI

Takımlardan istenen faydayı sağlamak için takım etkinliğinin artırılması gerekir. Takım etkinliğini artırmak için, takım üyelerinin rol ve sorumluluklarının belirlenmesi, yeteneklerini geliştirmek için gerekli eğitimin takım üyelerine verilmesi, takım içinde kaynakların optimum kullanımının sağlanması, üyeler tarafından kabul edilebilir açık performans hedeflerinin ortaya konması, takım kültürü ve etkili liderlik oluşturulması gerekir. Bu çalışmada, savunma sanayindeki takımlarda, lidere güvenin yüksek ya da düşük olduğu veya bu ayrımın yapılmadığı durumlarda ; takım sinerjisi, kaynak kullanımı, yetenekler, iletişim, performans amaçları şeklinde ifade edilen takım etkinliği faktörleri ile yenilik odaklılık ve kalite odaklılık arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de savunma sanayi için üretim yapan 15 takım ve 111 takım üyesi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada anket yöntemi kullanılmış olup sonuçlar SPSS istatistik programı yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Takım Etkinliği, Kaliteye Odaklanma, Yeniliğe Odaklanma ve Liderlik

TEAM MANAGEMENT AND THE DETERMINANTS OF TEAM EFFECTIVENESS: A FIELD RESEARCH ON THE TEAM OPERATING IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN DEFENCE INDUSTRY

In order to benefit from teams, the effectiveness of teams should be increased. The role and responsibilities should be defined, team members should be educated to improve their skills, performance objectives should be identified, resources should be used at optimum level, team culture and leadership should be established to increase the team effectiveness. In this study, we aim to examine the relationship among the team effectiveness factors –specified as team synergy, use of resources, skills, communication and performance objectives- innovation orientation and quality orientation at teams in defense industry while leadership effect is high, low and absent. Survey is conducted on 15 team producing equipment for defense industry. Questionnaire form employing five-point Likert Scale is used and data are analyzed through the SPSS statistical program packet

Keywords:

Team effectiveness , Quality orientation , Innovation orientation and leadership,

PDF

___

BATEMAN, B., WILSON, F.C., BINGHAM, D. (2002). Team effectivenessdevelopment of an audit questionnaire. Journal of Management Development, 21 (3), 215-226.ss.
CLELAND D.I. (1996). Strategic management of teams. New York, Wiley.
COHEN, S.G., BAILEY, D.R. (1997). What makes teams work: group effectiveness research from shop floor to the executive suite. Journal of Management, 239- 290.ss.
DIRKS, K.T. (2000). Trust in leadership and team performance: evidence from ncaa basketball. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 85, 1004-1012.ss.
EBY, L.T., DOBBINS, G.H. (1997). Collectivistic orientation in teams: an individual and group – level analysis. Journal of Organiztional Behavior, Vol. 18, 275-95.ss.
ECCLES, T. (1994). Succeding with change. London, McGraw-Hill.
EFİL, İ. (1999). Yönetimde kalite çemberleri ve uygulama örnekleri. İstanbul, Alfa.
FRIELING, E., FREIBOTH, M., HENNIGES, D., SAAGER, C. (1997). Effects of team work on the working conditions of short cycled track work: a case study from the European automobile industry. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 20, 371-388.ss.
GIBSON, J.L., IVANEVICH, J.M., DONELLY, J.H. (1997). Organizations (Behavior, Structure, Processes), Boston, MA: Irwin .
GILSON, L.L., SHALLEY, C.E., BLUM, T.C. (2001). Team and organizational attitudes as a lens and mirror impacting customer satisfaction: an empirical test in self-managed teams. Journal of Quality Management, Vol.6, No: 2, 235-256.ss.
JURAN, J.M. (1995). Managerial breakthrough. McGraw –Hill, Inc.
KATZENBACH, J.R., SMITH, D.K. (1994). The Visdom of teams, Boston, Harward School.
LARSON, C.E., LAFASTO, F.M.J. (1989). Teamwork (What Must Go Right / What Can Go Wrong), London, Sage Publications.
LAUNONEN, M., KESS, P. (2001). Team roles in business process re-engineering, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 77, Issue 3.
LUTHANS, F. (1995) Organizational behavior, London, McGraw-Hill Inc.
MILLER, A., DESS, G.G. (1996). Strategic management, London, McGraw-Hill.
OAKLAND, J.S. (1993). Total quality management: The road to improving performance. Oxford, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd.
PENROD, J. (1998). Teams and technology: creating 21st century organizations, Tennessee EDP Symposium, Fall Creek Falls, TN, April 20, 1998. Available at:
ROBBINS, S.P. (1994). Management, New York, Prentice-Hall.
ROMIG, D.A. (1996). Breakthrough teamwork: Outstanding results using structured teamwork. Chicago, Irwin.
SALAS E., DICKINSON, T.L., CONVERSE, S.A., TANNENBAUM, S.I. (1999). Toward an Understanding of Team Performance and Training. . (1992) Toward an Understanding of Team Performance and Training, Teams: Their Training and Performance. Robert W. Swezey and Eduardo Salas, Eds. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.
WARE, J. (1991). Managing people and organizations. Managing a Task Force, Harvard Business School Publications, Boston, Massachusetts.
ZOBAL C. (1999). The ideal team compensation system- an overview, part II, Team Performance Management, Volume 5, Number 1, 23-45.ss.