GEÇ MODERN ÇAĞDA İSLAMİ VE BAHAİ MODERNLEŞMELERİNDEKİ KORKU VE OTORİTENİN ETKİSİ: LİBERAL BİR PERSPEKTİF

Geç modern dünyada korku, otoriterleşmenin ve şiddet içeren dini-politik hareketlerin yükselmesinde en büyük faktördür. Bu makale Anthony Giddens ve Charles Taylor'ın seküler çağda benlik kavramsallaştırmalarından yararlanmakta ve bunları Batılı küresel yayılma bağlamında 19. yüzyılın sonunda Doğu'da ortaya çıkan iki modernist dini eğilime uyarlamaktadır. Akılcılığın ve özgür sorgulamaya teşvikin araçlarını benimseme yoluyla İslam'ı moderniteye uyarlama zorluğuyla ilgili çaba sarf ederek, İslami Modernleşme artan bir şekilde mücadeleye dâhil olmuştur. Benzer perspektifler içeren ve İslami bir bağlam dışında gelişen Bahai inancı, İslam'ın reform yoluyla yenilenmesinden daha ziyade teofanik (Tanrı'nın insana görünmesi) bir dönüşümü önerir. İlerlemeye dönük tetikleyici bir etkinin Ortadoğu'ya telkin edilmesi döneminden sonra Bahai inancı, Müslüman ihyacı eğilimlerle benzer şekilde modern dünyanın apokaliptik anlamda suçlanmasını pelesenk ederek kendini modernizme yeniden uyarlamıştır. Bu çalışma geç modernitede ilerlemeci bir dini yaklaşımın sürdürülmesine yönelik bazı tavsiyelerle son bulacaktır

The Impact of Fear and Authority on Islamic and Baha’i Modernisms in the Late Modern Age: A Liberal Perspective

Fear of the late modern world has been a major factor in the rise of authoritarian and violent religio-political movements. This article draws on Anthony Giddens and Charles Taylor’s conceptualisation of the self in the secular age, and applies this to two modernist religious trends originating in the East in the later nineteenth century in the context of western global expansion. Endeavouring to rise to the challenge of accommodating Islam to modernity by adopting the tools of rationality and encouraging independent inquiry, Islamic Modernism has become increasingly embattled. The Baha’i faith, a movement that incorporates similar perspectives and also developed out of an Islamic context, proposes a theophanic transformation rather than renewal through reform of Islam. After a period of infusion of a progressive catalytic impulse into the Middle East, the Baha’i faith performed its own recalibration of modernism, enunciating apocalyptic denunciation of the modern world similar to that found in Muslim revivalist trends. The article ends by making some suggestions for continuation of a progressive religious approach in late modernity

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